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Effects of Carbonated Water Concentration on Swallowing Function in Healthy Adults

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Abstract

In this study, we investigated the effects of carbonated water concentration on swallowing function using surface electromyography (sEMG). Healthy subjects (n = 52, 26.77 ± 3.21 years old) were asked to perform two swallows each of noncarbonated water, low-concentration carbonated water, medium-concentration carbonated water, and high-concentration carbonated water. Onset time, the mean sEMG activity amplitude, and duration of muscle activity in each swallow were measured and analyzed for orbicularis oris, masseter, submental muscle complex and infrahyoid muscles. Onset time significantly decreased and mean sEMG activity amplitude significantly increased with carbonation concentration. Therefore, stimulation with carbonation can be effective for modulating a faster and stronger swallow in the oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing, and its effect on amplitude was greater in the oral phase than in the pharyngeal phase.

Clinical Trials Registration This study is registered with Clinical Research Information Service (KCT0005925).

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Data Availability

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Funding

No funds, grants, or other support was received.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea

    Hoi Sik Min, Heesuk Shin, Chul Ho Yoon, Eun Shin Lee, Min-Kyun Oh, Chang Han Lee, Sunwoo Hwang & Hayoung Byun

  2. Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea

    Heesuk Shin, Chul Ho Yoon, Eun Shin Lee & Min-Kyun Oh

Authors
  1. Hoi Sik Min
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  2. Heesuk Shin
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  4. Eun Shin Lee
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  5. Min-Kyun Oh
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  6. Chang Han Lee
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  8. Hayoung Byun
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Contributions

Conceptualization: HB and CHL; Methodology: HB and ESL; Formal Analysis: CHY, M-KO and HSM; Investigation: HSM and SH; Writing—Original Draft Preparation: HB; Writing—Review & Editing: HB, HSM and CHL; Supervision: HB and HS. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hayoung Byun.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Ethical Approval

The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Gyeongsang National University Hospital (Protocol Code GNUH-2020-12-013 and date of approval February 16, 2021) in Jinju, South Korea.

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Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

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Min, H.S., Shin, H., Yoon, C.H. et al. Effects of Carbonated Water Concentration on Swallowing Function in Healthy Adults. Dysphagia 37, 1550–1559 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-022-10420-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-022-10420-w

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