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Valorization of apple pomace using bio-based technology for the production of xylitol and 2G ethanol

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Abstract

Apple pomace was studied as a raw material for the production of xylitol and 2G ethanol, since this agroindustrial residue has a high concentration of carbohydrate macromolecules, but is still poorly studied for the production of fermentation bioproducts, such as polyols. The dry biomass was subjected to dilute-acid hydrolysis with H2SO4 to obtain the hemicellulosic hydrolysate, which was concentrated, detoxified and fermented. The hydrolyzate after characterization was submitted to submerged fermentations, which were carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks using, separately, the yeasts Candida guilliermondii and Kluyveromyces marxianus. High cellulose (32.62%) and hemicellulose (23.60%) contents were found in this biomass, and the chemical hydrolysis yielded appreciable quantities of fermentable sugars, especially xylose. Both yeasts were able to metabolize xylose, but Candida guilliermondii produced only xylitol (9.35 g L−1 in 96 h), while K. marxianus produced ethanol as the main product (10.47 g L−1 in 24 h) and xylitol as byproduct (9.10 g L−1 xylitol in 96 h). Maximum activities of xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase were verified after 24 h of fermentation with C. guilliermondii (0.23 and 0.53 U/mgprot, respectively) and with K. marxianus (0.08 e 0.08 U/mgprot, respectively). Apple pomace has shown potential as a raw material for the fermentation process, and the development of a biotechnological platform for the integrated use of both the hemicellulosic and cellulosic fraction could add value to this residue and the apple production chain.

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Acknowledgements

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível superior (CAPES) and Fischer S/A Agroindustria.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Exact and Technological Sciences, West Paraná State University, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil

    Lillian Vieira Leonel & Luciane Sene

  2. Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Pato Branco, Paraná, Brazil

    Mário Antônio Alves da Cunha

  3. Lorena Engineering School, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal Do Campinho S/N, Lorena, São Paulo, CEP 12602-810, Brazil

    Kátia Caroline França Dalanhol & Maria das Graças de Almeida Felipe

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  1. Lillian Vieira Leonel
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  2. Luciane Sene
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Leonel, L.V., Sene, L., da Cunha, M.A.A. et al. Valorization of apple pomace using bio-based technology for the production of xylitol and 2G ethanol. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 43, 2153–2163 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-020-02401-w

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