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Green core clinopyroxenes from basanites of Petpenoun volcanoes, Noun Plain, Cameroon volcanic line: chemistry and genesis

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Abstract

Green core clinopyroxenes are reported from the basanites of the Petpenoun volcanoes of the Noun Plain, in the Cameroon volcanic line (CVL). These clinopyroxenes have augite and/or diopside rims and mantles, and green cores with variable chemical composition. Compositionally, three kinds of green cores are distinguished: (i) wollastonite-hedenbergite cores (green core I); (ii) diopside cores (green core II); and (iii) augite cores (green core III). The wollastonite-hedenbergite green cores are identified for the first time in the mafic lavas of the CVL. The three types of green core clinopyroxenes are characterized by a significant enrichment in iron and a corresponding decrease in magnesium, compared with their mantles or rims. These compositional patterns of green cores exhibit an inverse zonation. The coexistence of several populations of clinopyroxenes with distinct compositions in the same sample suite is attributed to the mixing between a mafic and a more evolved melt. Based on petrological, mineralogical, and geochemical studies, we propose two origins to explain the varied occurrence of green core clinopyroxenes in this study: (i) the augite and diopside green cores precipitated from relatively evolved melts which have been mixed with their present host magmas, and (ii) the wollastonite-hedenbergite green cores precipitated from more differentiated melts which have been mixed also with mafic magma. These results provide new constraints on the evolution of the recent lavas in the Noun Plain, Cameroon volcanic line.

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Acknowledgements

This study was carried out through the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-The World Academic Science (CSIR-TWAS) Postdoctoral fellowship awarded to first author. We thank the Director, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Geophysical Research Institute for permitting to publish this work. The authors thank DST-SERB (IR/S4/ESF-18/2011 dated 12.11.2013), New-Delhi, for supporting EPMA facility at Banaras Hindu University. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Federico Lucci and an anonymous reviewer, as well as Dr. Alexei V. Ivanov and Dr. Laura Pioli, the handling associate editors, for the very constructive comments and suggestions, which helped in the substantial improvement of the earlier manuscript.

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  1. Geochemistry Division, CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-7, Telangana, India

    Luc Achille Ziem à Bidias & Ram Mohan Mekala

  2. Geology Laboratory, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon

    Luc Achille Ziem à Bidias

  3. Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    Hiredya Chauhan & N. V. Chalapathi Rao

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  1. Luc Achille Ziem à Bidias
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Correspondence to Luc Achille Ziem à Bidias.

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Ziem à Bidias, L.A., Chauhan, H., Mekala, R.M. et al. Green core clinopyroxenes from basanites of Petpenoun volcanoes, Noun Plain, Cameroon volcanic line: chemistry and genesis. Bull Volcanol 83, 13 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-021-01437-4

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