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Self-potential characteristics of the dormant period of Izu-Oshima volcano

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Abstract

Continuous self-potential (SP) monitoring has been conducted at Izu-Oshima volcano to detect signals resulting from volcanic activity since the installation of an SP monitoring network in March 2006. Since the installation, annual variations of up to 100 mV have been recorded. If we exclude these annual variations, temporal variations in SP do not show notable changes. This is consistent with the volcano being in a state of quiescence during the measurement period. The annual variations have the different amplitudes and mean levels between stations. To investigate the causes of these annual variations, we carried out numerical simulations of SP generation associated with downward meteoric water flow through electrokinetic coupling in a ~ 550 m thick unsaturated layer. The results show that the vertical electric potential gradient varies with changes in liquid-phase saturation in the unsaturated layer. These changes are caused by variations in the rate of meteoric water percolation. This, in turn, correlates with fluctuations in daily precipitation, thus explaining the annual SP variation recorded at the ground surface. Differences in the amplitude and mean level of SP variation are shown to be associated with different rock properties, especially permeability, porosity, and electrical conductivity. Our results indicate that observable SP changes will appear at stations near the summit if the distributions of liquid-phase saturation and/or pertinent parameters controlling the electrokinetic coupling in the thick unsaturated layer are modified the upward flow of volcanic gas.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Associate Editor Takeshi Nishimura, the Executive Editor Andrew Harris, Stéphanie Barde-Cabusson and an anonymous reviewer for their comments and suggestions, which helped improve the manuscript.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) basic research funds “Research on prediction of volcanic eruptions by continuous fluid flow monitoring” and “Research on geo-fluid dynamics.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan

    Nobuo Matsushima, Yuji Nishi, Shinichi Takakura & Tsuneo Ishido

  2. Japan Meteorological Agency, Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan

    Shin’ya Onizawa

  3. Geothermal Energy Research and Development Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

    Hideaki Hase

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  1. Nobuo Matsushima
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  2. Yuji Nishi
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  3. Shin’ya Onizawa
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  4. Shinichi Takakura
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  5. Hideaki Hase
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  6. Tsuneo Ishido
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Correspondence to Nobuo Matsushima.

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Editorial responsibility: T. Nishimura

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Matsushima, N., Nishi, Y., Onizawa, S. et al. Self-potential characteristics of the dormant period of Izu-Oshima volcano. Bull Volcanol 79, 86 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-017-1173-1

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