Abstract
When teaching at a non-English language university, we often argue that because English is the international language, students need to become familiar with English terms, even if the bulk of the class is in the native language. However, to make the meaning of the terms clear, a translation into the native language is always useful. Correct translation of terminology is even more crucial for emergency managers and decision makers who can be confronted with a confusing and inconsistently applied mix of terminology. Thus, it is imperative to have a translation that appropriately converts the meaning of a term, while being grammatically and lexicologically correct, before the need for use. If terms are not consistently defined across all languages following industry standards and norms, what one person believes to be a dog, to another is a cat. However, definitions and translations of English scientific and technical terms are not always available, and language is constantly evolving. We live and work in an international world where English is the common language of multi-cultural exchange. As a result, while finding the correct translation can be difficult because we are too used to the English language terms, translated equivalents that are available may not have been through the peer review process. We have explored this issue by discussing grammatically and lexicologically correct French, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Japanese versions for terms involved in communicating effusive eruption intensity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aurand H (2011) Geology terms in English and Spanish (Terminología Geológica en Español e Inglés). Sunbelt publications. San Diego, California, p 117
Barberi F, Carapezza ML, Valenza M, Villarri L (1993) The control of lava flow during the 1991–1992 eruption of Mt. Etna. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 56:1–34
Barberi F, Santacroce R, Carapezza ML (2005) Terra pericolosa: terremoti, eruzioni vulcaniche, frane, alluvioni, tsunami—perché avvengono e come possiamo difenderci. Edizioni ETS, Piazza Carrara 16-19 I56126 Pisa (Italy): 191 p
Blake S (1990) Viscoplastic models of lava domes. In: Fink J (ed) Lava flows and domes. Springer, Berlin, pp 88–126
BPS (2010) Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia: Hasil Sensus Penduduk. Jakarta: BPS. ISBN: 978-979-064-417-5
Carney RN, Levin JR (2002) Pictorial illustrations still improve students’ learning from text. Educ Psychol Rev 14:5–26
Cavallaro C (1957) Un ciclo effusivo dello Stromboli (1-14 gennaio 1956; 16 gennaio-16 marzo 1956). Riv Stromboli 6:33–39
CILF (1997) Terminologie de Télédétection. Conseil international de la langue française (Paris, France): 400 p.
David P (1998) News concreteness and visual–verbal association: do news pictures narrow the recall gap between concrete and abstract news? Hum Commun Res 25:180–201
Delcaillau B (2011) Géomorphologie: interaction tectonique—érosion—sédimentation. Vuibert, Paris, p 289
Derruau M (1988) Précis de Géomorphologie. Masson, Paris, p 533
Dvigalo et al. (2014) Двигало, В. Н., Свирид, И. Ю., & Шевченко, А. В. (2014). Первые количественные оценки параметров трещинного Толбачинского извержения 2012-2013 гг. по данным аэрофотограмметрических наблюдений. Вулканология и сейсмология, 5, 3–11. doi: 10.7868/S0203030614050022
Fang Z (1996) Illustrations, text, and the child reader. What are pictures in children’s storybooks for? Reading Horizons 37:130–142
Fedotov et al. (1984) Федотов, С.А., Mархинин Е.К., Слезин Ю.Б., Цурюпа А.И. (1984). Южный прорыв./ В С.А.Федотов (ред.) Большое трещинное Толбачинское извержение: Камчатка 1975–1976. Изд-во Наука, 84–142
Foucault A, Raoult J-F (2010) Dictionnaire de Géologie, Seventh edn. Dunod, Paris, p 388
Francheteau J, Ballard RD (1983) The East Pacific rise near 21°N, 13°N and 20°S: inferences for along-strike variability of axial processes of the mid-ocean ridge. Earth Planet Sci Lett 64(1):93–116
Fujii T, Aramaki S, Kaneko T, Ozawa K, Kawanabe Y, Fukuoka T (1988) Petrology of the lavas and ejecta of the November, 1986 eruption of Izu-Oshima volcano. Kazan (火山) 33:S234–S254
Gacel-Ávila J (2005) The internationalization of higher education: a paradigm for global citizenry. J Stud Int Educ 9(2):121–136
Hansen WR (1991) Suggestions to authors of the reports of the United States geological survey, Seventh edn. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, p 289
Harris AJL, Murray JB, Aries SE, Davies MA, Flynn LP, Wooster MJ, Wright R, Rothery DA (2000) Effusion rate trends at Etna and Krafla and their implications for eruptive mechanisms. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 102:237–270
Harris AJL, Dehn J, Calvari S (2007) Lava effusion rate definition and measurement: a review. Bull Volcanol 70:1–22
JORF (2017) Vocabulaire de l'éducation et de l'enseignement supérieur (liste de termes, expressions et définitions adoptés). JORF 0008 du 10 janvier 2017 (texte 57): https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000033843222 (downloaded 26/01/2017).
Knight J (1994) Internationalization: elements and checkpoints (no. 7). Ottawa: Canadian Bureau for International Education
Koyaguchi T (小屋口, 剛博) (1995) A possible approach for understanding of the complex volcanic systems on the basis of physics of elementary igneous processes (火山現象の素過程の理解から火山システムの理解へ). Kazan (火山) 40: S111–123.
Koyama M, Yoshida Y (1994) Relationships between eruptive history and crustal stress field based on cumulative changes in magma discharge from volcanoes. Kazan 39(4):177–190
Lipman PW, Banks NG (1987) A flow dynamics, Mauna Loa 1984. US Geol Surv Prof Pap 1350:1527–1567
Mayer RE, Anderson RB (1992) The instructive animation: helping students build connections between words and pictures in multimedia learning. J Educ Psychol 84:444–452
Mayer RE, Simms VK (1994) For whom is a picture worth a thousand words? Extensions of a dual-coding theory of multimedia learning. J Educ Psychol 86:389–401
Michel J-P, Carpenter MSN, Fairbridge RW (2004) Dictionnaire des Sciences de la Terre, 4th edn. Dunod, Paris, p 497
Murawski H, Meyer W (2004) Geologisches Wörterbuch. Elsevier GmbH, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg
Nakada S, Nagai M, Yasuda A, Shimano T, Geshi N, Ohno M, Akimasa T, Kaneko T, Fujii T (2001) Chronology of the Miyakejima 2000 eruption: characteristics of summit collapsed crater and eruption products. Chigaku Zasshi (地学雑誌) 110:168–180
Neisser U, Kerr N (1973) Spatial and mnemonic properties of visual images. Cogn Sci 5:138–150
Paivio A, Caspo K (1973) Picture superiority in free recall: imagery or dual coding? Cogn Psychol 5:176–206
Rowland SK, Walker GPL (1990) Pahoehoe and aa in Hawaii: volumetric flow rate controls the lava structure. Bull Volcanol 52:615–628
Scandone R, Giacomelli L (1998) Vulcanologia. Principi fisici e metodi d'indagine. Liguori Editore SrL, Via Posillipo 394, I 80123 Napoli: ISBN 88-207-2687-4
Sigurdsson H, Houghton B, McNutt S, Rymer H, Stix J (2015) The encyclopedia of volcanoes, 2nd edn. Academic Press (Elsevier, Amsterdam), p 1456
Sipe LR (1998) How picture books work: a semiotically framed theory of text-picture relationships. Child Lit Educ 29:97–108
Sociedad Geológica Mexicana (2016) Vocabulario Inglés-Español: Vulcanología y Petrología http://rmcg.geociencias.unam.mx/LGM/VocVulcanyPetro.pdf
Standing L (1973) Learning 10 000 pictures. Q J Exp Psychol 25:207–222
Standing L, Conezio J, Haber RN (1970) Perception and memory for pictures: single-trial learning of 2500 visual stimuli. Psychon Sci 19:73–74
Stewig JW (1992) Reading pictures, reading text: some similarities. New Advocate 5:11–22
Thordarson T (2013) Hraun. In Náttúruvá á Íslandi, Höfundar (Reykjavik): pp. 105-129.
University of Chicago Press (2010) The Chicago manual of style 16 – sixteenth edition. University of Chicago Press. Chicago, IL, 1026 p
Walker GPL (1972) Compound and simple lava flows and flood basalts. Bull Volcanol 35:579–590
Walker GPL (1973) Lengths of lava flows. Phil Trans R Soc Lond 274:107–118
Walker GPL (1991) Structure, and origin by injection of lava under surface crust, of tumuli, “lava rises”, “lava-rise pits”, and “lava-inflation clefts” in Hawaii. Bull Volcanol 53:546–558
Acknowledgments
We thank the reviewers, Gerardo Carrasco and Oleg Melnik, as well as the Bulletin of Volcanology associate editor (Pierre-Simon Ross) for joining in with the discussion; both adding to it and reinforcing our points, especially with regard to the difficulty in—but importance of—reaching consensus. This is ANR-LAVA contribution no. 2.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Editorial responsibility: P-S Ross
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Harris, A.J.L., Belousov, A., Calvari, S. et al. Translations of volcanological terms: cross-cultural standards for teaching, communication, and reporting. Bull Volcanol 79, 57 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-017-1141-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-017-1141-9