Abstract
Vertical ash plumes were imaged at Santiaguito (Guatemala) using a thermal camera to capture plume ascent dynamics. The plumes comprised a convecting plume front fed by a steady feeder plume. Of the 25 plumes imaged, 24 had a gas thrust region within which ascent velocities were 15–50 m s−1. A transition to buoyant ascent occurred 20 to 50 m above the vent, where ascent velocities declined to 4–15 m s−1. Plumes that attained greater heights had higher heat contents, wider feeder plumes and higher buoyant ascent velocities.
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Sahetapy-Engel, S.T., Harris, A.J.L. Thermal-image-derived dynamics of vertical ash plumes at Santiaguito volcano, Guatemala. Bull Volcanol 71, 827–830 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-009-0284-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-009-0284-8