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Trophic niche width, offspring condition and immunity in a raptor species

  • Population ecology - Original research
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Abstract

Strategies developed by organisms to maximize foraging efficiency have a strong influence on fitness. The way in which the range of food resources is exploited has served to classify species, populations and individuals from more specialist (narrow trophic niche) to more generalist (broad trophic niche). Recent studies have provided evidence that many of the considered generalist species/populations are actually composed of different specialist individuals (individual specialization). Even the existence of generalism as an adaptive strategy has been questioned. In this study, we investigated the relationship between trophic niche width, individual quality and offspring viability in a population of common kestrel Falco tinnunculus during 4 years. We showed that the diet of kestrels varied significantly among years and that individuals of better quality fed their offspring with a higher diversity of prey species and a higher amount of food. Moreover, body condition and immune response of nestlings were positively correlated with diversity of prey delivered by parents. Our study suggests that generalism has the potential to increase fitness and that broadening the trophic niche may be an adaptive strategy in unpredictable environments.

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Acknowledgments

J. N.-L. and J. A. F. dedicate this paper to the memory of Pablo Vergara, who died suddenly in August 2013. His great devotion, enthusiasm, ideas and style of working will remain forever with us. We thank J. Martínez-Padilla and I. López-Rull for their help during the field work and three anonymous referees for their helpful comments on the manuscript. The study was carried out on the Finat family property with the help of J. San Teodoro. Licenses to study kestrels were granted by the Junta de Castilla y León. J. N.-L. and P. V. were supported by FPI and Juan de la Cierva contracts, respectively, during the writing of the manuscript. Research was funded by the Ministerio de Economía through projects CGL2007-61395 and CGL2010-15726. This is a contribution from the El Ventorrillo Biological Station.

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  1. Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C.S.I.C., José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain

    Juan Navarro-López, Pablo Vergara & Juan A. Fargallo

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  1. Juan Navarro-López
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  2. Pablo Vergara
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  3. Juan A. Fargallo
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Correspondence to Juan Navarro-López.

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Navarro-López, J., Vergara, P. & Fargallo, J.A. Trophic niche width, offspring condition and immunity in a raptor species. Oecologia 174, 1215–1224 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-013-2855-9

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