Abstract
Human otic organoids generated from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) provide a promising platform for modeling, drug testing, and cell-based therapies of inner ear diseases. However, providing the appropriate niche that resembles inner ear development and its vasculature to generate otic organoids is less conspicuous. Here, we devised a strategy to enhance maturation of otic progenitor cells toward human hair cell–like cells (HCLCs) by assembling three-dimensional (3D) otic organoids that contain human PSC-derived otic cells, endothelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Heterotopic implantation of otic organoids, designated as grafted otic organoids (GOs), in ex ovo chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) stimulated maturation of the HCLCs. Functional analysis revealed the presence of voltage-gated potassium currents without detectable sodium currents in these cells in the GOs. Our results demonstrated that implantation of 3D heterotypic cell mixtures of otic organoids improved maturation of human HCLCs. This GO-derived HCLCs could be an attractive source for drug discovery and other biomedical applications.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to express our appreciation to Professor Allen F. Ryan for his critical input and to Paria Pooyan for helping us to improve our schematic images.
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This study was funded by a grant from Royan Institute and the Cognitive Science and Technologies Council of Iran.
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F.M. designed the study, performed most of the experiments, discussed the results, and wrote the manuscript. A.S. performed and analyzed the electrophysiology results. N.H. contributed to the design and analysis of the experiments. S.Y. and S.N.H. contributed to the heterotopic implantation of the otic organoids in the ex ovo chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). S.N. contributed to the design of the study and provided financial support. H.B. provided financial and administrative support, designed and analyzed the experiments, interpreted and discussed the results, and approved the manuscript. All the authors reviewed and confirmed the manuscript before submission.
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This study and all animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Review Board and Ethical Committee of Royan Institute (Tehran, Iran).
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Moeinvaziri, F., Shojaei, A., Haghparast, N. et al. Towards maturation of human otic hair cell–like cells in pluripotent stem cell–derived organoid transplants. Cell Tissue Res 386, 321–333 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-021-03510-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-021-03510-y