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Characterizing the effects of hypoxia on the metabolic profiles of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from three tissue sources using chemical isotope labeling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

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Abstract

Microenvironmental factors such as oxygen concentration mediate key effects on the biology of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Herein, we performed an in-depth characterization of the metabolic behavior of MSCs derived from the placenta, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue (termed hPMSCs, UC-MSCs, and AD-MSCs, respectively) at physiological (hypoxic; 5% oxygen [O2]) and standardized (normoxic; 21% O2) O2 concentrations using chemical isotope labeling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 12C- and 13C-isotope dansylation (Dns) labeling was used to analyze the amine/phenol submetabolome, and 2574 peak pairs or metabolites were detected and quantified, from which 52 metabolites were positively identified using a library of 275 Dns-metabolite standards; 2189 metabolites were putatively identified. Next, we identified six metabolites using the Dns library, as well as 14 hypoxic biomarkers from the human metabolome database out of 96 altered metabolites. Ultimately, metabolic pathway analyses were performed to evaluate the associated pathways. Based on pathways identified using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, we identified significant changes in the metabolic profiles of MSCs in response to different O2 concentrations. These results collectively suggest that O2 concentration has the strongest influence on hPMSCs metabolic characteristics, and that 5% O2 promotes arginine and proline metabolism in hPMSCs and UC-MSCs but decreases gluconeogenesis (alanine-glucose) rates in hPMSCs and AD-MSCs. These changes indicate that MSCs derived from different sources exhibit distinct metabolic profiles.

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Abbreviations

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stromal cells

hPMSCs:

Human placental mesenchymal stromal cells

UC-MSCs:

Umbilical cord-derived MSCs

AD-MSCs:

Adipose tissue-derived MSCs

CIL LC-MS:

Chemical isotope labeling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

UPLC:

Ultra performance liquid chromatography

Dns:

Dansylation

HMDB:

Human metabolome database

Met PA:

Metabolic pathway analysis

PCA:

Principal component analysis

OPLS-DA:

Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis

QC:

Quality control

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Acknowledgments

We thank the staff and patients of the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University for providing placenta, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue samples.

Funding sources

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81620108028, 81971756) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFA0101001).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China

    Qiaoling Pan, Dan Wang, Deying Chen, Yanni Sun, Xudong Feng, Yanping Xu, Jiong Yu & Hongcui Cao

  2. Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310003, China

    Xiaowei Shi

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada

    Xian Luo & Liang Li

  4. Obstetrical department, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China

    Yang Li

Authors
  1. Qiaoling Pan
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  2. Dan Wang
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  3. Deying Chen
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  10. Yang Li
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  11. Hongcui Cao
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Correspondence to Hongcui Cao.

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Pan, Q., Wang, D., Chen, D. et al. Characterizing the effects of hypoxia on the metabolic profiles of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from three tissue sources using chemical isotope labeling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cell Tissue Res 380, 79–91 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-019-03131-6

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