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Auditory neuroplasticity, hearing loss and cochlear implants

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Abstract

Data from our laboratory show that the auditory brain is highly malleable by experience. We establish a base of knowledge that describes the normal structure and workings at the initial stages of the central auditory system. This research is expanded to include the associated pathology in the auditory brain stem created by hearing loss. Utilizing the congenitally deaf white cat, we demonstrate the way that cells, synapses, and circuits are pathologically affected by sound deprivation. We further show that the restoration of auditory nerve activity via electrical stimulation through cochlear implants serves to correct key features of brain pathology caused by hearing loss. The data suggest that rigorous training with cochlear implants and/or hearing aids offers the promise of heretofore unattained benefits.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks to Christa Baker, Hugh Cahill, Iris Chen, Catherine Connelly, Donna Fekete, Charles-Andre Haenggeli, David Huchton, Erika Kretzmer, Charles Limb, Noah Meltzer, Karen Montey, Michael Muniak, John Niparko, Jahn O’Neil, Tan Pongstaporn, Elizabeth Redd, Liana Rose, Eric Rouiller, Ahmed Saada, Mary E. Schroeder, Seishiro Sento, Natasha Tirko and Melissa Wu for their contributions to the data collection.

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  1. Hearing Research, Garvan Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia

    David Ryugo

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  1. David Ryugo
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Correspondence to David Ryugo.

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This work was supported by grants from the NIH/NIDCD, Advanced Bionics Corporation, the NHMRC of Australia and the Fairfax Foundation and by gifts from Christian Vignes, Alan and Irene Moss, Carol-Ann Kirkland, Haydn and Sue Daw and the Macquarie Development Group.

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Ryugo, D. Auditory neuroplasticity, hearing loss and cochlear implants. Cell Tissue Res 361, 251–269 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-014-2004-8

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