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The role of visfatin on the regulation of inflammation and apoptosis in the spleen of LPS-treated rats

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Abstract

The purpose of the present study is to determine if visfatin is involved in inflammation or apoptosis induced by LPS in rat. Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups: saline group, LPS group, visfatin group and Visfatin + LPS co-stimulated group. Spleen samples from each group of rats were collected for study. The spleen structure was examined by histological imaging. Apoptosis was evaluated with TUNEL reaction. Caspase-3 was detected with immunohistochemistry and western blot. The apoptosis-related genes were detected by qPCR and inflammatory cytokines were tested by ELISA. Our main findings were as follows. (1) Macrophages were markedly increased in the visfatin group compared with the saline group. This finding was confirmed when spleen samples were examined with western blot using CD68 antibody. (2) Visfatin promoted the expression of CD68 and caspase-3 in rat spleen, whereas visfatin could inhibit the expression of CD68 and activated caspase-3 in spleen of LPS-induced acute inflammation. (3) Visfatin had a pro-apoptotic effect on normal rat spleen, whereas it exerted an anti-apoptotic effect during LPS-induced lymphocytes apoptosis in rat spleen. Moreover, the effect of visfatin on cell apoptosis was mediated by the mitochondrial pathway. (4) Visfatin could modulate both the anti-inflammatory cytokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines in rat spleen, such as IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β. Taken together, we demonstrate that visfatin could participate in the inflammatory process in rat spleen by modulating the macrophages and inflammatory cytokines. Also, visfatin plays a dual role in the apoptosis in rat spleen, which is mediated by the mitochondrial pathway.

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Abbreviations

bw:

Body weight

Casp-3:

Caspase-3

HE staining:

Hematoxylin and Eosin staining

IL-1β:

Interleukin-1β

IL-4:

Interleukin-4

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

IL-10:

Interleukin-10

IOD:

Integral optical density

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MD:

Mean density

PALS:

Periarterial lymphatic sheath

PBEF:

Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

TUNEL:

Terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge grant support from the “Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities” (№. 2012SC02). This study was also supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant agreement (№.31101776). We gratefully acknowledge the expert advice of Mr. Juming Zhong and thank him for his detailed review of the manuscript; College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Ke Xiao, Zhi Yang, Zia ur Rehman, Huai-Rui Yuan, Ying Zhou, Lu Cui, Ke-Mei Peng & Hui Song

  2. College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Wei-Hua Zou

  3. College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Abdur Rahman Ansari

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  1. Ke Xiao
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Correspondence to Hui Song.

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Xiao, K., Zou, WH., Yang, Z. et al. The role of visfatin on the regulation of inflammation and apoptosis in the spleen of LPS-treated rats. Cell Tissue Res 359, 605–618 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-014-1997-3

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