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Endothelial cell suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking in vitro during acute exposure to feline immunodeficiency virus

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Abstract

Trafficking of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) into the brain is a critical step in the initiation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated central nervous system disease. To examine potential factors that control trafficking during the earliest stages of infection, PBMC transmigration across a cultured feline brain endothelial cell (BECs) monolayer was measured after selective exposure of various cell types to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Infection of the PBMCs with FIV increased the trafficking of monocytes and CD4 and CD8 T cells. Additional exposure of the BECs to FIV suppressed mean monocyte, CD4 T cell, and CD8 T cell trafficking. B cell trafficking was unaltered by these changing conditions. Subsequent exposure of astrocytes or microglia to FIV altered transmigration of different PBMC subsets in different ways. Treated microglia compared with treated astrocytes decreased monocyte transmigration, whereas B cell transmigration was increased significantly. When both astrocytes and microglia were exposed to FIV, an increase in CD8 T cell transmigration relative to BECs alone, to BECs plus astrocytes, or to BECs plus microglia was demonstrated. Thus, initial exposure of PBMCs to FIV is sufficient to induce a general increase in trafficking, whereas initial exposure of endothelial cells to FIV tends to down-regulate this effect. Selectivity of trafficking of specific PBMC subsets is apparent only after exposure of cells of the central nervous system to FIV in co-culture with the endothelium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA

    Lola C. Hudson

  2. Immunology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA

    Mary B. Tompkins

  3. Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

    Rick B. Meeker

Authors
  1. Lola C. Hudson
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  2. Mary B. Tompkins
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  3. Rick B. Meeker
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lola C. Hudson.

Additional information

This investigation was supported by funds from NIH (MH63646 and AI47749) and by the state of North Carolina.

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Hudson, L.C., Tompkins, M.B. & Meeker, R.B. Endothelial cell suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking in vitro during acute exposure to feline immunodeficiency virus. Cell Tissue Res 334, 55–65 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-008-0623-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-008-0623-7

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