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Genetic demography of Antioquia (Colombia) and the Central Valley of Costa Rica

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Abstract

We report a comparative genetic characterization of two population isolates with parallel demographic histories: the Central Valley of Costa Rica (CVCR) and Antioquia (in northwest Colombia). The analysis of mtDNA, Y-chromosome and autosomal polymorphisms shows that Antioquia and the CVCR are genetically very similar, indicating that closely related parental populations founded these two isolates. In both populations, the male ancestry is predominantly European, whereas the female ancestry is mostly Amerind. In agreement with their isolation, the Amerindian mtDNA diversity of Antioquia and the CVCR is typical of ethnically-defined native populations and is markedly lower than in other Latin American populations. A comparison of linkage disequilibrium (LD) at 18 marker pairs in Antioquia and the CVCR shows that markers in LD in both populations are located at short genetic distances (<~1 cM), whereas markers separated by greater distances are in LD only in the CVCR. This difference probably reflects stochastic variation of LD at the limited number of genome regions compared. The genetic similarity of the populations from Antioquia and the CVCR together with differences in LD between them should be exploitable for the identification and fine mapping of shared disease-related gene variants.

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Acknowledgements

We are very grateful to the individuals who donated samples for this study. We thank Olga Rickards, Lance Green and Sandro Bonatto for HVSI sequence alignments and Sugandha Dandekar and Thuy Vu for technical assistance. This work was funded by Wellcome Trust Grant 064943 and a NARSAD 2002 Young Investigator Award to A.R.-L. and by NIH grants R01MH49499, R01NS37484 and K02MH01375 to N.B.F. The data analysed here are available upon request from A.R.-L.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Galton Laboratory, Department of Biology (Wolfson House), University College London, 4 Stephenson Way, London, NW1 2HE, UK

    Luis G. Carvajal-Carmona & Andrés Ruiz-Linares

  2. Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

    Luis G. Carvajal-Carmona, Gabriel Bedoya & Andrés Ruiz-Linares

  3. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

    Jorge Ospina

  4. Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, UCLA, Gonda Center, Los Angeles, USA

    Roel Ophoff, Susan Service & Nelson Freimer

  5. Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Gonda Center, Los Angeles, USA

    Roel Ophoff, Susan Service, Jaana Hartiala & Nelson Freimer

  6. UCLA Genotyping and Sequencing Core Facility, UCLA, Gonda Center, Los Angeles, USA

    Jaana Hartiala

  7. Centro Internacional de Control del Estrés, Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala

    Julio Molina

  8. Centro de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, USA

    Pedro Leon

Authors
  1. Luis G. Carvajal-Carmona
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  2. Roel Ophoff
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  3. Susan Service
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  4. Jaana Hartiala
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  5. Julio Molina
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  6. Pedro Leon
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  7. Jorge Ospina
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  8. Gabriel Bedoya
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  9. Nelson Freimer
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  10. Andrés Ruiz-Linares
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Correspondence to Andrés Ruiz-Linares.

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Carvajal-Carmona, L.G., Ophoff, R., Service, S. et al. Genetic demography of Antioquia (Colombia) and the Central Valley of Costa Rica. Hum Genet 112, 534–541 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-002-0899-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-002-0899-8

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