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Plant STAND P-loop NTPases: a current perspective of genome distribution, evolution, and function

Plant STAND P-loop NTPases: genomic organization, evolution, and molecular mechanism models contribute broadly to plant pathogen defense

Molecular Genetics and Genomics volume 293, pages 17–31 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

STAND P-loop NTPase is the common weapon used by plant and other organisms from all three kingdoms of life to defend themselves against pathogen invasion. The purpose of this study is to review comprehensively the latest finding of plant STAND P-loop NTPase related to their genomic distribution, evolution, and their mechanism of action. Earlier, the plant STAND P-loop NTPase known to be comprised of only NBS–LRRs/AP–ATPase/NB–ARC ATPase. However, recent finding suggests that genome of early green plants comprised of two types of STAND P-loop NTPases: (1) mammalian NACHT NTPases and (2) NBS–LRRs. Moreover, YchF (unconventional G protein and members of P-loop NTPase) subfamily has been reported to be exceptionally involved in biotic stress (in case of Oryza sativa), thereby a novel member of STAND P-loop NTPase in green plants. The lineage-specific expansion and genome duplication events are responsible for abundance of plant STAND P-loop NTPases; where “moderate tandem and low segmental duplication” trajectory followed in majority of plant species with few exception (equal contribution of tandem and segmental duplication). Since the past decades, systematic research is being investigated into NBS–LRR function supported the direct recognition of pathogen or pathogen effectors by the latest models proposed via ‘integrated decoy’ or ‘sensor domains’ model. Here, we integrate the recently published findings together with the previous literature on the genomic distribution, evolution, and distinct models proposed for functional molecular mechanism of plant STAND P-loop NTPases.

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Abbreviations

ETI:

Effector-triggered immunity

HR:

Hypersensitive response

PRRs:

Pattern recognition receptors

PAMPs:

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns

PCD:

Programmed cell death

PTI:

PAMP triggered immunity

NACHT:

NAIP, C2TA, HET-E, and TP1

NB–ARC:

Nucleotide-binding site shared by APAF1, plant-resistance (R) genes, and CED-4

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

STAND:

Signal transduction ATPases with numerous domains

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Director, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, India for providing necessary facilities. PA gratefully acknowledges University Grant Commission (UGC), Government of India for providing fellowship. This work was financially supported by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India in the form of CSIR network project “Computational Systems and Network Biology”. Authors are thankful to the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India for infrastructural support in the form of Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility (BIF). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This manuscript represents CSIR-IHBT communication number: 3890.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Functional Genomics and Complex System Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India

    Preeti Arya & Vishal Acharya

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT) Campus, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Preeti Arya & Vishal Acharya

  3. National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India

    Preeti Arya

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  1. Preeti Arya
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  2. Vishal Acharya
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Correspondence to Vishal Acharya.

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Communicated by S. Hohmann.

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Arya, P., Acharya, V. Plant STAND P-loop NTPases: a current perspective of genome distribution, evolution, and function. Mol Genet Genomics 293, 17–31 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-017-1368-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-017-1368-3

Keywords

  • STAND P-loop NTPase
  • NACHT NTPase
  • Nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeats (NBS–LRRs)
  • Evolution
  • Disease-resistance genes
  • Molecular mechanism