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Genome-wide analysis, expression dynamics and varietal comparison of NAC gene family at various developmental stages in Morus notabilis

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Abstract

NAC genes are important transcription factors and forms a large family in plants. They have shown to play an important role in growth and development and have also been shown to involve in regulation of stress-responsive genes. In the present study, a repertoire of NAC genes in recently published mulberry genome has been identified which consists of a total of 79 members. Structural analysis revealed that most of the NAC genes in mulberry contain two introns. The proteins encoded by them show a wide range of isoelectric points suggestive of their varied roles in varying microcellular environment. Phylogenetic and conserved motif analysis elucidate the presence of 15 sub-groups of these genes along with two novel sub-groups having distinct conserved motifs which are not present in Arabidopsis. Gene ontology term enrichment analysis and cis-element identification from their putative 1 K upstream regulatory region indicates their possible role in important biological processes like organ formation, meristem establishment, senescence, and various biotic and abiotic stresses. Expression analysis across various developmental stages led to identification of their preferential expression in diverse tissues. Taken together, this work provides a solid background information related to structure, function, expression and evolution of NAC gene family in mulberry.

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Acknowledgments

Research performed in this article has been supported by grants from Department of Biotechnology, Government of India to PK. The authors remain indebted to anonymous reviewers whose suggestions have greatly improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India

    Vinay Kumar Baranwal & Paramjit Khurana

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  1. Vinay Kumar Baranwal
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  2. Paramjit Khurana
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Correspondence to Paramjit Khurana.

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Author 1 declares that he/she has no conflict of interest. Author 2 declares that he/she has no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Communicated by S. Hohmann.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

438_2016_1186_MOESM1_ESM.eps

Supplementary Fig. S1 Word cloud for the cis-elements representing the most frequent cis-motif present in the putative promoters of NAC genes in Morus notabilis (EPS 1296 kb)

438_2016_1186_MOESM2_ESM.eps

Supplementary Fig. S2 Network of gene ontology enrichment analysis for biological process terms of NAC genes in Morus notabilis. Node size and color intensity represent their significance level (EPS 3511 kb)

438_2016_1186_MOESM3_ESM.xls

Supplementary data Table S1 Details of Morus NAC components and their properties including gene, mRNA and protein length, number of exons and introns etc (XLS 15 kb)

Supplementary data Table S2 Gene ontology enrichment analysis result for biological process terms (XLS 31 kb)

Supplementary data Table S3 Gene ontology enrichment analysis result for cellular component terms (XLS 8 kb)

Supplementary data Table S4 Gene ontology enrichment analysis result for molecular function terms (XLS 7 kb)

Supplementary data Table S5 TMM normalized FPKM values for NAC gene components across the seven stages (XLS 17 kb)

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Baranwal, V.K., Khurana, P. Genome-wide analysis, expression dynamics and varietal comparison of NAC gene family at various developmental stages in Morus notabilis . Mol Genet Genomics 291, 1305–1317 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-016-1186-z

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