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Phylogenetic and genetic linkage between novel atypical dual-specificity phosphatases from non-metazoan organisms

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Abstract

Dual-specificity phosphatases (DSPs) constitute a large protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, with examples in distant evolutive phyla. PFA-DSPs (Plant and Fungi Atypical DSPs) are a group of atypical DSPs present in plants, fungi, kinetoplastids, and slime molds, the members of which share structural similarity with atypical- and lipid phosphatase DSPs from mammals. The analysis of the PFA-DSPs from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPFA-DSPs) showed differential tissue mRNA expression, substrate specificity, and catalytic activity for these proteins, suggesting different functional roles among plant PFA-DSPs. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the existence of novel PFA-DSP-related proteins in fungi (Oca1, Oca2, Oca4 and Oca6 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and protozoa, which were segregated from plant PFA-DSPs. The closest yeast homolog for these proteins was the PFA-DSP from S. cerevisiae ScPFA-DSP1/Siw14/Oca3. Oca1, Oca2, Siw14/Oca3, Oca4, and Oca6 were involved in the yeast response to caffeine and rapamycin stresses. Siw14/Oca3 was an active phosphatase in vitro, whereas no phosphatase activity could be detected for Oca1. Remarkably, overexpression of Siw14/Oca3 suppressed the caffeine sensitivity of oca1, oca2, oca4, and oca6 deleted strains, indicating a genetic linkage and suggesting a functional relationship for these proteins. Functional studies on mutations targeting putative catalytic residues from the A. thaliana AtPFA-DSP1/At1g05000 protein indicated the absence of canonical amino acids acting as the general acid/base in the phosphor-ester hydrolysis, which suggests a specific mechanism of reaction for PFA-DSPs and related enzymes. Our studies demonstrate the existence of novel phosphatase protein families in fungi and protozoa, with active and inactive enzymes linked in common signaling pathways. This illustrates the catalytic and functional complexity of the expanding family of atypical dual-specificity phosphatases in non-metazoans, including parasite organisms responsible for infectious human diseases.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by grants SAF2006-08319 from Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, SAF2009-10226 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER; Plan de estímulo a la economía y el empleo, Plan E), AP-117/08, ACOMP2009/363 and ACOMP2010/222 from Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) (to R.P.), G0701233 from Medical Research Council (U.K.) (to L.T.), BIO2007-67299 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) (to M.M.), and by European Union Research Training Network MRTN-CT-2006-035830. C. Romá-Mateo and A. Sacristán-Reviriego have been recipients of predoctoral fellowships from Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Spain). We thank Peter Sudbery and José Luis Revuelta for providing cDNAs, the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (USA; donors: SSP Consortium, Sakis Theologis, Joe Ecker) for providing plasmids, and Isabel Roglá and Charis Saville for expert technical assistance.

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  1. Carlos Romá-Mateo

    Present address: Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Jaime Roig 11, 46010, Valencia, Spain

  2. Nicola J. Beresford

    Present address: Mycobacterial Research, National Institute for Medical Research the Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, NW7 1AA, UK

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Avenida Autopista del Saler 16-3, 46013, Valencia, Spain

    Carlos Romá-Mateo & Rafael Pulido

  2. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Almudena Sacristán-Reviriego, Humberto Martín & María Molina

  3. Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK

    Nicola J. Beresford & Lydia Tabernero

  4. Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas Primo-Yúfera, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-CSIC, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    José Antonio Caparrós-Martín & Francisco A. Culiáñez-Macià

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  1. Carlos Romá-Mateo
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Correspondence to Rafael Pulido.

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Romá-Mateo, C., Sacristán-Reviriego, A., Beresford, N.J. et al. Phylogenetic and genetic linkage between novel atypical dual-specificity phosphatases from non-metazoan organisms. Mol Genet Genomics 285, 341–354 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-011-0611-6

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