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Immune response of the Almaco jack (Seriola rivoliana) against the infestation with Neobenedenia sp. in three cultivated temperatures

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Abstract

The Almaco jack (Seriola rivoliana) is a marine fish maintained in mariculture systems and frequently infested by monogenean parasites like Neobenedenia sp. Severe infestations can lead to high mortalities and economic losses for farmers. This study evaluated the effects of temperature on the immune response on Almaco jack infested with Neobenedenia sp. We exposed infested fishes at temperatures of 20 °C, 24 °C, and 30 °C for 20 days and took samples of different tissues at the beginning of the experiment, and after 3 and 20 days. The tissues considered were the skin, thymus, cephalic kidney, and spleen to evaluate the relative gene expression of different genes: Hsp70, IgM, IL-1β, IL-10, and MyD88. Our results showed an increase in IL-1β gene expression in the skin after 20 days of infestation but no significant effect of temperature on gene expression, despite increases in infestation rates with temperature. Therefore, relative genetic expression was controlled by the number of parasites and the days post-infestation. These results show that the parasite infestation induced a local response in the skin, but that temperature has an indirect effect on the immune system of Almaco jack.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Roxana B. Inohuye-Rivera, Rosa I. Vázquez-Sánchez, and Gilberto González-Soriano for your support in experiment design. Margarita Mendoza-Cruz, David Fernández-Sánchez, and Andrea Tecorral-Vázquez for their assistance in maintaining the experimental set. Amaru Márquez-Artavia for statistical advice. Rancheros del Mar for providing juvenile fish. I.V.V. is grateful to CONACYT mobility grant and the financial support of Kampachi farms to make an internship at Princeton University.

Funding

This work was funded by an institutional funding from Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C. (Center for Biological Research Northwest) (PAC) to F.A and J.C.P-U. I.V.V. is a recipient of doctoral fellowship from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR) S.C., Km. 1, Carretera a San Juan de La Costa “El Comitán”, 23097, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México

    Isabel Valles-Vega, Juan Carlos Pérez-Urbiola, Dariel Tovar-Ramírez, Teresa Sicard-González & Felipe Ascencio

  2. Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, 82112, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México

    Isabel Valles-Vega

  3. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA

    Andrea L. Graham

Authors
  1. Isabel Valles-Vega
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  2. Juan Carlos Pérez-Urbiola
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  3. Dariel Tovar-Ramírez
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  4. Andrea L. Graham
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  5. Teresa Sicard-González
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  6. Felipe Ascencio
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Contributions

IVV, JCPU, and FA conceived the idea developed in this manuscript. IVV, JCPU, and TSG participated in the experimental design. IVV and DTR were responsible for the molecular studies. IVV and AG performed the statistical analysis. EF and JPU were responsible for funding this research through their projects. IVV wrote the manuscript with critical input from all authors.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Felipe Ascencio.

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This study was approved by the authorities in bioethics from Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR).

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Valles-Vega, I., Pérez-Urbiola, J.C., Tovar-Ramírez, D. et al. Immune response of the Almaco jack (Seriola rivoliana) against the infestation with Neobenedenia sp. in three cultivated temperatures. Parasitol Res 123, 127 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-024-08135-y

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