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A review of the use of Duddingtonia flagrans as a biological controller of strongylid nematodes in horses

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Abstract

In horses, the nematodes of the Strongylidae family are the most important due to their prevalence and pathogenicity. Sanitary plans include parasite control based on chemical anthelmintics. Among these, the benzimidazole compounds have been used since the 1960s to control the nematode Strongylus vulgaris. Its inappropriate use resulted in the development of resistance in parasites with a shorter biological cycle, such as the small strongyles. Currently, the genera that make up this group show widespread resistance to all chemical treatments available in veterinary medicine, except for macrocyclic lactones, where less effective action has been detected. The need to find alternative routes for its control is recognized. International organizations and markets are increasingly restrictive in the allowed levels of drugs in products of animal origin, so one of the drawbacks is the permanence of chemical compounds in tissues. Therefore, other tools not chemically based are proposed, such as the biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes. Various research groups around the world have carried out tests on the control capacity of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans against this group of parasites. The objective of this review is to compile the different tests that are available on biological control in this species, in in vivo and in vitro tests, and the possible incorporation of this tool as an alternative method of antiparasitic control in an integrated control scheme of parasites.

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Data availability

The data generated during and/or analyzed during the current review are available from the author (Vet. Milagros Junco) on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Prof. Mariana Junco Recalt for revising the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT) (PICT 2017–4030).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Parasitología Y Enfermedades Parasitarias, UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Milagros Junco, Lucia Emilia Iglesias, Federica Sagüés, Sara Zegbi, Ines Guerrero & Carlos Alfredo Saumell

  2. Environment and Health Applied Sciences Doctoral , Program (DCAAS) at UNICEN, Tandil, Argentina

    Milagros Junco

  3. Scientific Research Commission (CIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Milagros Junco

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  1. Milagros Junco
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  2. Lucia Emilia Iglesias
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  3. Federica Sagüés
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  4. Sara Zegbi
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  5. Ines Guerrero
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  6. Carlos Alfredo Saumell
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the review and design. The first draft was written by Milagros Junco, Lucia Iglesias, and Carlos Saumell and Sara Zegbi, Ines Guerrero, and Federica Sagüés commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and proved the final manuscript.

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Junco, M., Iglesias, L.E., Sagüés, F. et al. A review of the use of Duddingtonia flagrans as a biological controller of strongylid nematodes in horses. Parasitol Res 122, 357–368 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-022-07740-z

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