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Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the larval and adult stages of Dibothriocephalus dendriticus (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea)

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Abstract

Tapeworms of the genus Dibothriocephalus are widely distributed throughout the world, some of which are agents of human diphyllobothriasis, one of the most important fish-borne zoonoses caused by a cestode parasite. Genomic and transcriptomic data can be used to develop future diagnostic tools and epidemiological studies. The present work focuses on a comparative analysis of the transcriptomes of adult and plerocercoid D. dendriticus and the identification of their differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Transcriptome assembly and analysis yielded and annotated 35,129 unigenes, noting that 16,568 (47%) unigenes were not annotated in known databases, which may indicate a unique set of expressed transcripts for D. dendriticus. A total of 8022 differentially expressed transcripts were identified, including 3225 upregulated and 4797 downregulated differentially expressed transcripts from the plerocercoid and adult animals. The analysis of DEGs has shown that among the most differentially expressed genes, there are important genes characteristic of each stage. Thus, several genes are characteristic of D. dendriticus plerocercoids, including fatty acid–binding protein and ferritin. Among the most highly expressed DEGs of the adult stage of D. dendriticus is the Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, in two putative isoforms. The analyses of GO and KEGG metabolic pathways revealed that a large number of the DEGs of D. dendriticus are associated with the biosynthesis of various substances such as arginine and folate, as well as with various metabolic pathways such as galactose metabolism, selenocompound metabolism, and phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism. This will contribute to further research aimed at identifying targets for new generation drugs and the development of specific vaccines.

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Data availability

The RNA-seq data were submitted to the SRA database under accession numbers SRR19832170, SRR19832171, and SRR19832172. Additional data can be found in supplementary files.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Voronova Z.B. (General Basin Office for Fishing and Conservation of Water Biological Resources, Baikal Branch), Elisov A.V., Selivanov A.V., Popov A.G., and Nikonov D.P. (Republic State Institution “Buryat Station for Treatment of Animal Diseases”) for providing specimens; and Zhepkholova O.B. (Institute of General and Experimental Biology) for technical assistance.

Funding

Differential gene expression analysis, and Gene Ontology and KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes were performed in the Institute of General and Experimental Biology with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation project No. 22–24-00341. RNA extraction, construction of RNA-seq library, and sequencing were performed on the basis of the Genomics Shared Use Centre of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences. De novo assembly was performed in Limnological Institute, Zhejiang A&F University, and on HPC-cluster “Akademik V.M. Matrosov” (Irkutsk Supercomputer Center of SB RAS, https://hpc.icc.ru./en/.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 670047, Ulan-Ude, Russia

    Tuyana Valeryevna Sidorova, Ivan Alexandrovich Kutyrev, Kirill Vladimirovich Khabudaev, Zhargal Nimaevich Dugarov & Olga Evgenievna Mazur

  2. Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia

    Tuyana Valeryevna Sidorova & Lyubov Vasiliyevna Sukhanova

  3. Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China

    Yadong Zheng

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Contributions

I.A.K. conceived the idea and designed the study, participated in sample collection, analyzed the data, and finalized the manuscript. T.V.S. conceived the idea and designed the study, analyzed the data, wrote the draft, and finalized the manuscript. K.V.K. analyzed the data. L.V.S. participated in sample collection. Y.Z. analyzed the data. Z.N.D. participated in sample collection. O.E.M. participated in sample collection. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ivan Alexandrovich Kutyrev.

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Sidorova, T.V., Kutyrev, I.A., Khabudaev, K.V. et al. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the larval and adult stages of Dibothriocephalus dendriticus (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea). Parasitol Res 122, 145–156 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-022-07708-z

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