Abstract
Crustaceans of the subclass Copepoda are an important component of the invertebrate aquatic fauna. They occur in all aquatic environments and include some representatives that are free-living organisms and others that have a parasitic lifestyle. The genus Therodamas comprises marine and freshwater copepods whose females are parasites of fish in their adult phase, with only seven species described so far. During a field survey of fish parasites in the Jari River, a large tributary of the Amazon River system, in Brazil, we found a new species of the genus Therodamas infecting Leporinus fasciatus. Therodamas longicollum n. sp. is the second strictly freshwater species known. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the new species is grouped in the family Ergasilidae, and divergence estimates showed that T. longicollum n. sp. diverged from its ancestor at around 66.34 Ma, in the late Upper Cretaceous. Therodamas longicollum n. sp. differs from its congeneric in that it does not have lobes and/or expansion of the anterior neck region. Besides describing a new Therodamas species, thereby increasing the diversity of the genus to eight species, this study points out the existence of a lineage of these copepods that has adapted to the freshwater environment of the Amazon. This study also corroborates the genus Therodamas as part of the family Ergasilidae.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Mr. João Pena de Oliveira for his assistance in collecting the fish. We are grateful to Mr Elvis Silva Lima, MSc, and to Dr. Maria Isabel Müller for their help in phylogenetic analyses and to the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq) and the Coordination Office for Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES, Brazil) for the financial support.
Funding
This study received financial support from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq) through a productivity grant to Tavares-Dias, M (#303013/2015–0) and Adriano EA (304687/2020-0), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES, Brazil) under the financial code 001, PROAP/CAPES resource, the Fundação de Apoio a Estudos e Pesquisa no Estado do Pará – FAPESPA (grant #.06/2015 – Proc. #88881.160660/2017-01 for Corrêa LL), and granting the doctoral scholarship to Oliveira, MSB (process number 88882.430002/2019–01).
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The catches access to genetic heritage was authorized by the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment (SISBio no 73550–1 and SisGen no AA4B6BA). This study was developed in accordance with the principles adopted by the Brazilian College of Animal Experimentation (COBEA) and was conducted under authorization from the Ethics Committee for Animal Use of Embrapa (protocol no 014/2018).
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Oliveira, M.S.B., Corrêa, L.L., Adriano, E.A. et al. Integrative taxonomy of a new species of Therodamas (Ergasilidae) infecting the Amazonian freshwater fish Leporinus fasciatus (Anostomidae). Parasitol Res 120, 3137–3147 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07256-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07256-y