Abstract
Persicaria strigosa (R.Br.) Nakai. (Family Polygonaceae) is an important plant of Assam, having several ethnobotanical uses. Tribal communities consume leaf extracts to cure helminth infection. The present study investigated the antioxidant, phytochemicals, and anthelmintic activity of P. strigosa. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated following standard methods. Antioxidant properties were analyzed by TAC, FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and TBARS assays. Anthelmintic activity of plant was investigated in Paramphistomum sp. treated with 5 mg/mL, and paralysis and death times were recorded. The most potent solvent extract was performed GC–MS analysis to identify the phytocompounds. Plant extract-treated parasites were further analyzed for biochemical changes. Additionally, molecular docking was performed to study the binding affinities between phytocompounds and enzymes. P. strigosa showed rich phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant properties. Ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts showed more powerful antioxidant properties than other extracts. In vitro anthelmintic study found ethyl acetate and diethyl ether the most active extracts. Treated parasites showed a significant decrease in enzyme activity. The highest inhibition was observed in AchE, followed by MDH, LDH, ALP, and ACP. GC–MS study identified 12 probable compounds from the ethyl acetate extract of P. strigosa. Molecular docking showed the strongest binding affinity between the phytocompounds and AchE enzyme (− 7.6 kcal/mol). Overall, compounds C6, C7, and C12 showed better binding affinity compared to other compounds. The in vitro helminth bioassays and biochemical analysis suggest Persicaria strigosa a possible anthelmintic agent. However, isolation and characterization of bioactive compound(s) may promise new drug candidates for helminth infections.
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Acknowledgements
AS would like to thank the Science and Engineering Research Board, Government of India, for providing financial assistance in the form of a research project (File no. EEQ/2017/000071). Authors thank the GC-MS facility of Biotech Park, IIT, Guwahati, for the sample analysis. Authors would also like to thank the traditional healer and older people for providing ethnomedicinal information. We also acknowledge Dr Sanjib Baruah, Department of Botany, for helping in the scientific validation of the plant. Authors also acknowledge the infrastructural facilities provided by the Department of Zoology, Bodoland University.
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The present study was funded by Science and Engineering Research Board, Government of India (File no. EEQ/2017/000071).
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AS involved in designing the study, statistical calculations, and writing of the manuscript, MKR carried out the antioxidant and docking study, and HB conducted the antioxidant, anthelmintic, and phytochemical study. All authors read the final manuscript and approved it for publication.
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Swargiary, A., Roy, M.K. & Boro, H. Persicaria strigosa (R.Br.) Nakai: a natural anthelmintic?. Parasitol Res 120, 3215–3227 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07249-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07249-x