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Repellent activity of eugenol on larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus and Dermacentor nitens (Acari: Ixodidae)

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Abstract

The repellent activity of eugenol was evaluated on Rhipicephalus microplus and Dermacentor nitens larvae in a bioassay based on the vertical migration of these tick larvae during the host-seek phase. Solutions were used at concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 μl/ml and a control only with the solvent ethanol 50 GL. The larvae's reaction of climbing the rods of filter paper was observed each hour for 12 h and once more at 24 h. The repellence was calculated as a percentage through visual estimation, from the tendency of the larvae to climb the rods when the top part was impregnated with the eugenol solutions. For R. microplus larvae, the four highest concentrations produced repellence levels were greater than 80 % for up to 9 h. The repellence rates after 10 h for the concentration of 10 μl/ml was lower than 2 % (p > 0.05); and after 24 h, the values observed for the concentrations of 40 and 50 μl/ml were 77 and 80 % (p < 0.05). For the D. nitens larvae, the repellence was greater than 80 % for up to 5 h at the concentrations of 40 and 50 μl/ml; and after 9 h, the repellence fell for all treated groups were significantly different than the control were found only at the three highest concentrations. Therefore, eugenol has repellent activity on the larval stage of these two tick species, with the R. microplus larvae being more sensitive.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Animal Behavior and Biology, Juiz de Fora Federal University, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n, Bairro São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Viviane Zeringóta, Tatiane Oliveira Souza Senra, Fernanda Calmon, Aline Pasqualini Faza & Erik Daemon

  2. Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, Rio de Janeiro Federal Rural University, Rua BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Ralph Maturano & Caio Márcio Oliveira Monteiro

  3. Graduate Program in Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Rio de Janeiro Federal Rural University, Rua BR-465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Francisco Eduardo Aragão Catunda-Junior & Mario Geraldo de Carvalho

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  1. Viviane Zeringóta
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  2. Tatiane Oliveira Souza Senra
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  3. Fernanda Calmon
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  4. Ralph Maturano
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  5. Aline Pasqualini Faza
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  6. Francisco Eduardo Aragão Catunda-Junior
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  7. Caio Márcio Oliveira Monteiro
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  8. Mario Geraldo de Carvalho
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  9. Erik Daemon
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Correspondence to Viviane Zeringóta.

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Zeringóta, V., Senra, T.O.S., Calmon, F. et al. Repellent activity of eugenol on larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus and Dermacentor nitens (Acari: Ixodidae). Parasitol Res 112, 2675–2679 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3434-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3434-z

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