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Activity of essential oil of Lippia triplinervis Gardner (Verbenaceae) on Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

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Abstract

The objective of this work was to characterize and investigate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil of the aerial parts of Lippia triplinervis at different concentrations on unengorged larvae and engorged females of Rhipicephalus microplus. The essential oil yielded 2.21 % (w/w to dry matter) and was composed mainly of carvacrol (31.9 %), thymol (30.6 %), and p-cymene (12.3 %). Two tests were performed to assess the acaricidal activity: the modified larval packet test, with concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0 mg/mL and the female immersion test, with concentrations of 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, and 50.0 mg/mL. There were ten repetitions for each concentration, and for each test, a control group was formed in which the ticks were treated with Tween 80 (20 mg/mL). The experimental groups were kept in a climate-controlled chamber (27 ± 1 °C and RH >80 %). The mortality of the larvae was above 95 % in all the groups tested and reached 100 % as of the 5.0 mg/mL concentration, while the control group exhibited 0 % mortality. In the female immersion test, there was a significant decline (p < 0.05) in the egg mass weight, egg production index, and hatching percentage starting at the concentration of 30.0, 40.0, and 20.0 mg/mL, respectively, and the control percentage at the concentrations of 40.0 and 50.0 mg/mL were above 90 and 95 %. The L. triplinervis oil as thus an alternative source of the monoterpenes thymol, carvacrol, and p-cymene, and its toxicity on R. microplus larvae and females makes it promising possibility for control of this tick.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Química Supramolecular e Biomimética (GQSB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Campus Universitário, Avenida P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 36570-000

    Tiago Coelho de Assis Lage, Ricardo Marques Montanari & Sergio Antonio Fernandes

  2. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Comportamento e Biologia Animal da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil

    Tatiane de Oliveira Souza Senra, Viviane Zeringota, Fernanda Calmon, Renata da Silva Matos & Erik Daemon

  3. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Caio Márcio de Oliveira Monteiro

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  1. Tiago Coelho de Assis Lage
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  2. Ricardo Marques Montanari
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  3. Sergio Antonio Fernandes
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  4. Caio Márcio de Oliveira Monteiro
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  5. Tatiane de Oliveira Souza Senra
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Correspondence to Sergio Antonio Fernandes or Caio Márcio de Oliveira Monteiro.

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Lage, T.C.A., Montanari, R.M., Fernandes, S.A. et al. Activity of essential oil of Lippia triplinervis Gardner (Verbenaceae) on Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). Parasitol Res 112, 863–869 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3209-y

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