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Effects of protein extract from head–foot tissue of Oncomelania hupensis on the growth and gene expression of mother sporocysts of Schistosoma japonicum

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Abstract

Oncomelania hupensis is the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. In the present study, we investigated the effects of protein extracts from head–foot or gland tissue of O. hupensis on mother sporocysts of S. japonicum cultured in vitro. In the presence of head–foot protein extract of snails from the native province Hunan, in-vitro-transformed mother sporocysts presented not only a longer survival time and stronger motility, but also a bigger size than parasites cultured with protein extracts of glands of the same snail or head–foot tissue of a non-native snail from the Hubei province. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, two subtractive libraries were constructed on the basis of RNA of sporocysts cultured with or without native snail head–foot protein extract. A number of 31 transcripts were found to be up-regulated. Sequence analyses revealed that they represented genes involved among others in metabolic process, electron transport chain, response to chemical stimulus, and oxidation–reduction processes. Opposite to that 20 down-regulated transcripts were among others related to pseudouridine synthesis, RNA processing, and ribosome biogenesis. The differential expression of three of these transcripts, encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (Cox2), NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ND1), and dyskeratosis congenita 1 protein (DKC1), were confirmed by real-time PCR. The promoted development and the differential gene expression of cultured sporocysts under the influence of head–foot protein extract of native O. hupensis implied not only its ability to improve in vitro culture conditions for intramolluscan stages, it may also represent a priming result with respect to the identification and characterization of factors involved in the parasite–host interplay between S. japonicum and O. hupensis.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. Rong Liu and senior laboratory technician Ying Li in our laboratory, Prof. Pin Nie and his colleagues in the State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, for their help. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30771876 and 31000956).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China

    Jun Yong Zhu, Qing Ye, Qin Ping Zhao, Zhen Ping Ming, Ming Sen Jiang & Hui Fen Dong

  2. Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China

    Jun Yong Zhu

  3. Institute for Parasitology, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Giessen, Germany

    Christoph G. Grevelding

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  1. Jun Yong Zhu
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  2. Qing Ye
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Correspondence to Hui Fen Dong.

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Jun Yong Zhu and Qing Ye contributed to this paper equally and should be considered as the co-first authors.

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Supplementary Fig 1

Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining of an SDS-PAGE with different types of protein extract from snails. Lane 1 head–foot protein extract of snails from Hunan; lane 2 head–foot protein extract of snails from Hubei; lane 3 gland protein extract of snails from Hunan; lane 4 isotonic NaCl; M prestained protein ladder (Fermentas #SM0671); 22.5 μg protein of each group was loaded onto a polyacrylamide gel (10%). Electrophoresis was performed at room temperature at 50 V for 30 min and then 200 V for 1.5 h, followed by Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining. (JPEG 32 kb)

High resolution image (TIFF 225 kb)

Supplementary Table 1

Gene ontology classification of differentially expressed transcripts in S. japonicum mother sporocysts cultured with and without O. hupensis head–foot protein extract (DOC 74 kb)

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Zhu, J.Y., Ye, Q., Zhao, Q.P. et al. Effects of protein extract from head–foot tissue of Oncomelania hupensis on the growth and gene expression of mother sporocysts of Schistosoma japonicum . Parasitol Res 110, 721–731 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-011-2548-4

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