Abstract
Parasitic helminths have a coexistence with mammalian hosts whereby they survive for several years in known hostile conditions of their hosts. Many explanations exist describing how these parasitic helminths are able to survive. In the last years, a lot of studies have focused on both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems now shown to exist in these parasites and which may serve as defence tactics against the host-generated oxygen radicals. The relevance of antioxidant enzymes is confirmed by the fact that some of these molecules represent putative protective anti-parasite vaccines (i.e. in schistosomiasis). This review tries to compile what is known to date of the enzymatic antioxidant systems in selected parasitic helminths.
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Abbreviations
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- UV:
-
Ultraviolet light
- NO:
-
Nitric oxide
- O2 :
-
Molecular oxygen
- H2O2 :
-
Hydrogen peroxide
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
- CAT:
-
Catalase
- GPx:
-
Glutathione peroxidase
- NADPH:
-
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form
- Prx:
-
Peroxiredoxins
- Cys:
-
Cysteine
- TRX:
-
Thioredoxins
- GSH:
-
Glutathione
- GSTs:
-
Glutathione-S-transferases
- TRXPx:
-
Thioredoxin peroxidase
- CT-SOD:
-
Cytosolic superoxide dismutase
- SP-SOD:
-
Extracellular or with peptide signal superoxide dismutase
- SmGST:
-
Schistosoma mansoni GST
- SmGSTO:
-
S. mansoni ω class GST
- Sm28GST:
-
28 kDa GST of Schistosoma mansoni
- OvTPx:
-
TRXPx of O. volvulus
- TsGST24:
-
GST of 24 kDa of T. spiralis
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Chiumiento, L., Bruschi, F. Enzymatic antioxidant systems in helminth parasites. Parasitol Res 105, 593–603 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1483-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1483-0