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Acute toxicity of peracetic acid (PAA) formulations to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis theronts

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Abstract

Peracetic acid (PAA) is an antimicrobial disinfectant used in agriculture, food processing, and medical facilities. It has recently been suggested as a means to control infestations of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of two products containing 4.5% and 40% PAA to I. multifiliis theronts from two geographically separate isolates. Theronts were exposed to concentrations of PAA in 96-well plates containing groundwater at 23°C. Acute toxicity was observed over a 4-h period. No significant difference in the median lethal concentration (LC50) estimates was evident between the two isolates at 4 h with the 4.5% PAA product (0.146 versus 0.108 mg/l PAA), while there was a statistical difference between the 4 h LC50 with the 40% PAA product (0.274 versus 0.158 mg/l PAA). These results suggest that PAA is toxic to I. multifiliis theronts at low concentrations and that one of the isolates was more resistant to this compound.

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Acknowledgments

Special thanks to Cindy Ledbetter for maintaining the Ich cultures and all other aspects of the experiments. Drs. Anita Kelly (Lonoke, AR) and Shari Hanson (Ruskin, FL) supplied us with our Ich isolates. Drs. Theodore Clark, Klaus Knopf, Andrew Radomski, and Jacqueline Robertson provided critical reviews of the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Studies were conducted in accordance with institutional, national, and international guidelines concerning the use of animals in research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Harry K. Dupree—Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, P.O. Box 1050, Stuttgart, AR, 72160, USA

    David L. Straus

  2. Department of Aquaculture and Ecophysiology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany

    Thomas Meinelt

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  1. David L. Straus
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  2. Thomas Meinelt
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Correspondence to David L. Straus.

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Straus, D.L., Meinelt, T. Acute toxicity of peracetic acid (PAA) formulations to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis theronts. Parasitol Res 104, 1237–1241 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1361-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1361-9

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