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Mosquito larvicidal activity of gluanol acetate, a tetracyclic triterpenes derived from Ficus racemosa Linn

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Abstract

The larvicidal activity of crude hexane, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol extracts of the leaf and bark of Ficus racemosa (Moraceae) was assayed for their toxicity against the early fourth-instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). The larval mortality was observed after 24-h exposure. All extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects; however, the highest larval mortality was found in bark acetone extract of F. racemosa. In the present study, bioassay-guided fractionation of acetone extract led to the separation and identification of a tetracyclic triterpenes derivative; gluanol acetate was isolated and identified as new mosquito larvicidal compound. Gluanol acetate was quite potent against fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti L. (LC50 14.55 and LC90 64.99 ppm), Anopheles stephensi Liston (LC50 28.50 and LC90 106.50 ppm) and C. quinquefasciatus Say (LC50 41.42 and LC90 192.77 ppm). The structure was elucidated from infrared, ultraviolet, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C-NMR, and mass spectral data. This is the first report on the mosquito larvicidal activity of the reported compound from F. racemosa.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to C. Abdul Hakeem College Management, Prof. U. Peer, Principal and Dr.Ahmed Najib, HOD of Zoology Department for their help and suggestion. We wish to thank the Principal and HOD of Zoology Department, Loyola College, Chennai for providing necessary facilities for our experimental work. AR is indebted to University Grants Commission, New Delhi for award of fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, 632 509, India

    A. Abdul Rahuman, A. Bagavan & C. Kamaraj

  2. Department of Zoology, Loyola College, Chennai, 600 032, India

    P. Venkatesan

  3. Department of Chemistry, Muthurangam Govt. Arts College, Vellore, 632 002, India

    Kannappan Geetha

  4. Center for Natural Products, SPIC Science Foundation, 64, Mount Road, Chennai, 600 032, India

    Geetha Gopalakrishnan

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  1. A. Abdul Rahuman
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Correspondence to A. Abdul Rahuman.

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Rahuman, A.A., Venkatesan, P., Geetha, K. et al. Mosquito larvicidal activity of gluanol acetate, a tetracyclic triterpenes derived from Ficus racemosa Linn. Parasitol Res 103, 333–339 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-008-0976-6

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