Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

The effect of a taste-enhancement process for cold-stored raw shell-stock oysters (Crassostrea virginica) on the spillage of human enteropathogens

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Parasitology Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A taste-enhancement process for cold-stored, raw shell-stock Crassostrea virginica oysters (i.e., application of table salt to shells) when externally contaminated with human enteropathogens intensified spillage of these enteropathogens to oyster’ storage containers (77% compared to 27% for controls) but did not, however, cause contamination of edible oyster tissue.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andrews LS, Park DL, Chen YP (2000) Low temperature pasteurization to reduce the risk of Vibrio infections from raw shell-stock oysters. Food Addit Contam 17:787–791

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ash LR, Orihel TC (1987) Parasites: a guide to laboratory procedures and identification. ASCP Press, Chicago, IL, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Calvo M, Carazo M, Arias ML, Chaves C, Monge R, Chinchilla M (2004) Prevalence of Cyclospora sp., Cryptosporidium sp., microsporidia and fecal coliform determination in fresh fruit and vegetables consumed in Costa Rica. Arch Latinoam Nutr 54:428–432

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cook D, Oleary WP, Hunsucker JC, Sloan EM, Bowers JC, Blodgett RJ et al (2002) Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in U.S. retail shell oysters: a national survey from June 1998 to 1999. J Food Prot 65:79–87

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coupe S, Delabre K, Pouillot R, Houdart S, Santillana-Hayat M, Derouin F (2006) Detection of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in surface water, including recreational areas; a one-year prospective study. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 47:351–359

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dowd SE, Gerba CP, Pepper IL (1998) Confirmation of the human pathogenic microsporidia Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, and Vittaforma corneae in water. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:3332–3335

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fournier S, Liguory O, Santillana-Hayat M, Guillot E, Sarfari C, Dumoutier N et al (2000) Detection of microsporidia in surface water: a one-year follow-up study. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 29:95–100

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franzen C, Muller A (1999) Cryptosporidia and microsporidia: waterborne diseases in the immunocompromised host. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 34:245–262

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gooch JA, Depaola A, Bowers J, Marshall DL (2002) Growth and survival of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in postharvest American oysters. J Food Prot 65:970–974

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK (2003) Human waterborne parasites in molluscan shellfish. J Parasitol 89:557–561

    Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, Schwab KJ (2000) Food borne infections vectored by molluscan shellfish. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2:305–309

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, Cranfield MR, Fayer R (1997) Recovery of waterborne oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum from water samples by the membrane-filter dissolution method. Parasitol Res 83:121–125

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, Girouard AS, Tamang L, Nappier SP, Schwab KJ (2006) Recovery, bioaccumulation, and inactivation of human waterborne pathogens by the Chesapeake Bay non-native oyster, Crassostrea ariakensis. Appl Environ Microbiol 72:3390–3395

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, Lucy FE, Tamang L, Miraflor A (2007a) Human enteropathogen load in activated sewage sludge and corresponding sewage sludge-end products. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:2013–2015

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, Johansson M, Tamang L, Visvesvara GS, Moura LS, DaSilva AJ et al (2007b) Retrospective species identification of microsporidian spores in diarrhetic fecal samples from HIV/AIDS patients by multiplexed fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). J Clin Microbiol 45:1255–1260

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, McOliver C, Silbergeld EK, Tamang L, Roberts JD (2007c) Risk of handling as a route of exposure to infectious waterborne Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts by Atlantic blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus). Appl Environ Microbiol 73 (in press)

  • Jedrzejewski S, Graczyk TK, Slodkowicz-Kowalska A, Tamang L, Majewska AC (2007) A quantitative assessment of the contamination of fresh food produce from various retail types with human-virulent microsporidian spores. Appl Environ Microbiol 73 (in press)

  • Lorca TA, Pierson MD, Flick GJ, Hackney CR. (2001) Levels of Vibrio vulnificus and organoleptic quality of raw shell-stock oysters (Crassostrea virginica) maintained at different storage temperatures. J Food Prot 64:1716–1721

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slodkowicz-Kowalska A, Graczyk TK, Tamang L, Jedrzejewski S, Nowosad A, Zduniak P et al (2006) Microsporidia species known to infect humans are present in aquatic birds; implications for transmission via water? Appl Environ Microbiol 72:4540–4544

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sparfel JM, Sarfati C, Liquory O, Caroff B, Dumoutier N, Gueglio B et al (1997) Detection of microsporidia and identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in surface water by filtration followed by specific PCR. J Eukaryot Microbiol 44:78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thurston-Enriquez JA, Watt P, Dowd SE, Enriquez R, Pepper IL, Gerba CP (2002) Detection of protozoan parasites and microsporidia in irrigation waters used for crop production. J Food Prot 65:378–382

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weber R, Bryan RT (1994) Microsporidial infections in immunodeficient and immunocompetent patients. Clin Infect Dis 19:517–521

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The study was supported by the Fulbright Senior Specialist Fellowship (grant no. 2225 to Graczyk), Johns Hopkins NIEHS Center in Urban Environmental Health (grant no. P30 ES03819), Johns Hopkins Faculty Research Innovation Fund, Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, and the University of the District of Columbia (grant no. GF4136F4201).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thaddeus K. Graczyk.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Graczyk, T.K., Tamang, L. & Pelz, R. The effect of a taste-enhancement process for cold-stored raw shell-stock oysters (Crassostrea virginica) on the spillage of human enteropathogens. Parasitol Res 101, 1483–1486 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-007-0664-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-007-0664-y

Keywords

Navigation