Abstract.
A new myxosporean parasite, Myxobolus stomum n. sp., is described from the oral cavity and lips of the blackspotted grunt Plectorhynicus gaterinus (Forsskal, 1775) in the Red Sea, Egypt. The parasite was observed as tiny aggregates of whitish cysts hardly noticed within the muscles of the oral cavity, especially within the lips. The spores were subspherical and measured 8.5×6.5 μm. Polar capsules were equal, pear-shaped, occupied about half of the spore length and measured 4.4×2.4 μm. Histological evaluation of the infection revealed no significant impact on the host. The ultrastructure of the plasmodial wall and sporogenesis of the present species followed the usual pattern valid for most studied myxosporean species.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdel-Ghaffar F, Abdel-Aziz A, El-Shahawi G, Naas S (1994) Light and electron microscopic studies on Myxobolus sp. infecting Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus in the River Nile, Egypt. J Union Arab Biol 2:241–261
Abdel-Ghaffar F, Abdel-Aziz A, Ezz El-Din N, Naas S (1995) Light and electron microscopic studies on Henneguya branchialis Ashmawy et al., 1989 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) infecting the catfish Clarias lazera in the River Nile, Egypt. J Union Arab Biol 3:113–133
Ali M A, Hasan A, Abdel-Aziz AM (2001) Sphaerospora undulata sp. n. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) infecting the kidney of haffara seabream Rhabdosargus haffara (Teleostei: Sparidae) from the Red Sea, light and transmission electron microscopy. Egypt Acad Soc Environ Dev Aquacult 1:89–100
Azevedo C, Matos E (1996) Light and electron microscopic study of a myxosporean, Tetrauronema desaequalis n. sp. (Fam. Tetrauronematidae), from an Amazonian fish. J Parasitol 82:288–291
Azevedo C, Lom J, Corral L (1989) Ultrasturctural aspects of Myxidium giardi (Myxozoa, Myxosporea), parasite of the European eel Anguilla anguilla. Dis Aquat Org 6:55–61
Baska F (1987) Histological studies on the development of Myxobolus pseudodispar Gorbunova, 1963 in the roach (Rutilus rutilus). Acta Vet Hung 35:251–257
Canning EU, Curry A, Anderson CL, Okamura B (1999) Ultrastructure of Myxidium trachinorum sp. nov. from the gallbladder of the lesser weaver fish Echiichthys vipera. Parasitol Res 85:910–919
Casal C, Matos E, Azevedo C (1996) Ultrastructure data on the life cycle stages of Myxobolus braziliensis n. sp., parasite of an Amazonian fish. Eur J Parasitol 32:123–127
Cone DK, Overstreet RM (1998) Species of Myxobolus (Myxozoa) from the bulbus arteriosus of centrarchid fishes in North America, with a description of two new species. J Parasitol 84:371–374
Cone DK, Eurell T, Axler R, Rau D, Beasley V (1997) Intense infections with a variant of Myxobolus procerus (Myxosporea) in muscle of trout-perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus) in Duluth Harbor, Lake Superior. Folia Parasitol 44:7–11
Current WL (1979) Henneguya adiposa Minchew (Myxosporidia) in the channel catfish: ultrastructure of the plasmodium wall and sporogenesis. J Protozool 26:209–217
Current WL, Janovy J Jr (1976) Ultrastructure of interlamellar Henneguya exilis in the channel catfish. J Parasitol 62:975–981
Current WL, Janovy J Jr (1977) Sporogenesis in Henneguya exilis infecting the channel catfish: an ultrastructural study. Protistologica 13:157–167
Current WL, Janovy J Jr (1978) Comparative study of ultrastructure of the interlamellar and intralamellar types of Henneguya exilis from channel catfish. J Protozool 25:56–65
Current WL, Janovy J Jr, Knight SA (1979) Myxosoma funduli Kudo (Myxosporidia) in Fundulus kansae: ultrastructure of the plasmodium wall and of sporogenesis. J Protozool 26:574–583
Desser SS, Paterson WB (1978) Ultrastructural and cytochemical observation on sporogenesis of Myxobolus sp. (Myxosporidia: Myxobolidae) from common shiner Notropis coronutus. J Protozool 25:314–326
Desser SS, Molnar K, Horvath I (1983a) Ultrastructure of sporogenesis of the myxosporeans, Sphaerospora angulata and Sphaerospora carassii in the common carp Cyprinus carpio. J Protozool 30:415–422
Desser SS, Molnar K, Weller I (1983b) Ultrastructure of sporogenesis of Thelohanellus nikolskii Akhmerov, 1955 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) from the common carp Cyprinus carpio. J Parasitol 69:504–518
El-Matbouli M, Hoffmann RW (1994) Sinuolinea tetraodoni n. sp., a myxosporean parasite of freshwater pufferfish Tetraodon palembangensis from Southeast Asia—light and electron microscope observations. Dis Aquat Org 19:47–54
El-Matbouli M, Fischer-Scherl T, Hoffmann RW (1990) Light and electron microscopic studies on Myxobolus cotti El-Matbouli and Hoffmann, 1987 infecting the central nervous system of the bullhead (Cottus gobio). Parasitol Res 76:219–227
El-Matbouli M, Hoffmann RW, Mandok C (1995) Light and electron microscopic observations on the route of the triactinomyxon-sporoplasm of Myxobolus cerebralis from epidermis into rainbow trout cartilage. J Fish Biol 46:919–935
Fall M, Kpatcha KT, Diebakate C, Faye N, Toguebaye BS (1997) Observations sur des myxosporidies (Myxozoa) du genre Myxobolus parasites de Mugil cephalus (poisson, teleosteen) du Senegal. Parasite 2:173–180
Fantham HB (1919) Some parasitic protozoa found in South Africa—II. S Afr J Sci 16:185–198
Fantham HB (1930) Some parasitic protozoa found in South Africa—XIII. S Afr J Sci 27:376–390
Grasse P, Lavette A (1978) La Myxosporidie sabrazesi et le nouvel embranchement des Myxozoaires (Myxozoa): recherches sur l′etat pluicellulaire primitif et considersations phylogenetique. Ann Sci Nat Zool Biol Anim 20:193–285
Hulbert WC, Kommourdjian MP, Moon TW, Fenwick JC (1977) The fine structure of sporogony in Myxidium zealandicum (Protozoa: Myxosporidia). Can J Zool 55:438–447
Lom J (1969) Notes on the ultrastructure and sporoblast development in fish parasitizing myxosporidian of the genus Sphaeromyxa. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 97:416–437
Lom J, Arthur JR (1989) A guideline for the preparation of species description in Myxosporea. J Fish Dis 12:151–156
Lom J, Dykova I (1988) Sporogenesis and spore structure in Kudoa lunata (Myxosporea, Multivalvulida). Parasitol Res 74:521–530
Lom J, Dykova I (1992) Protozoan parasites of fishes. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Lom J, Dykova I (1996) Notes on the ultrastructure of two myxosporean (Myxozoa) species, Zschokkella pleomorpha and Ortholinea fluviatilis. Folia Parasitol 43:189–202
Lom J, Puytorac P (1965) Studies on Myxosporidia: ultrastructure and polar capsule development. Protistologica 1:53–65
Lom J, Dykova I, Lhotakova S (1983) Fine structure of Sphaerospora renicola Dykova and Lom, 1982 a myxosporean from carp kidney and comments on the origin of pansporoblast. Protistologica 18:489–502
Lom J, Pavlaskova M, Dykova I (1985) Notes on kidney-infecting species of the genus Sphaerospora Thelohan (Myxosporea), including a new species S. gobionis sp. nov., and on myxosporean life cycle stages in blood of some freshwater fish. J Fish Dis 8:221–232
Lom J, Feist S, Dykova I, Kepr T (1989): Brain myxoboliasis of bullhead, Cottus gobio L., due to Myxobolus jiroveci sp. n. Light and electron microscope observations. J Fish Dis 12:15–27
Mitchell LG (1977) Myxosporida. In: Kreier JF (ed) Parasitic protozoa, vol 4. Academic Press, New York, pp 115–154
Mitchell LG, Seymour CL, Gamble JM (1985) Light and electron microscopy of Myxobolus hendricksoni sp. nov. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) infecting the brain of the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas Rafinesque. J Fish Dis 8:75–89
Molnar K (1994) Comments on the host, organ and tissue specificity of fish myxosporeans and on the type of their intrapiscine development. Parasitol Hung 27:5–20
Molnar K (2000) Myxobolus intrachondrealis sp. n. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae), a parasite of the gill cartilage of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Folia Parasitol 47:167–171
Molnar K, Ranzani-Paiva MJ, Eiras JC, Rodrigues EL (1998) Myxobolus macroplasmodialis sp. n. (Myxozoa: Myxosporea), a parasite of the abdominal cavity of the characid teleost, Salminus maxillosus, in Brazil. Acta Protozool 37:241–245
Ogawa K, Delgahapitiya KP, Furuta T, Wakabayashi H (1992) Histological studies on the host response to Myxobolus artus Akhmerov, 1960 (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) infection in the skeletal muscle of carp, Cyprinus carpio L. J Fish Biol 41:363–371
Pulsford A, Matthews RA (1982) An ultrastructure study of Mxobolus exiguus Thelohan, 1895 (Myxosporea) from grey mullet, Crenimguil labrosus (Risso). J Fish Dis 5:509–526
Sarkar NK (1996) On two new myxosporidian parasites (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) of a fresh water teleost Notopterus notopterus (Pallas) from West Bengal, India. Proc Zool Soc (Calcutta) 49:5–10
Schmahl G, Mehlhorn H, Taraschewski H (1989) Treatment of fish parasites. 7—Effects of sys. triazinone (Toltrazuril) on developmental stages of Myxobolus sp. Buetschli, 1882 (Myxosporea, Myxozoa): a light and electron microscopic study. Eur J Protistol 25:26–32
Schubert W (1968) Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen zur Sporenentwicklung von Henneguya pinnae Schubert (Sporozoa, Myxosporidea, Myxobolidae). Z Parasitenkd 30:57–77
Schubert W, Sprague V, Reinboth R (1975) Observation on a new species of Unicapsula (Myxosporidia) in the fish Maena smaris (L.) by conventional and electron microscopy. Z Parasitenkd 46:245–252
Siau Y (1977) Premiers stades du development experimental, en cultures, de spores de la Mxyosporidie Myxobolus exiguus Thelohan, 1895. C R Acad Sci Ser D 285:681–683
Sitja-Bobadilla A, Alvarez-Pellitero P (1995) Light and electron microscopic description of Polysporoplasma n. g. (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida), Polysporoplasma sparis n. sp. from Sparus aurata (L.), and Polysporoplasma mugilis from Liza aurata L. Eur J Protistol 31:77–89
Stehr C (1986) Sporogenesis of the myxosporean Kudoa paniformis Kabata and Whitaker, 1981 infecting the muscles of the pacific whiting, Merlucius productus (Ayres). J Fish Dis 9:493–504
Su X, White RWG (1994) New myxosporeans (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) from marine fishes of Tasmania, Australia. Acta Protozool 33:251–259
Supamattya K, Fischer-Scherl T, Hoffmann RW, Boonyaratpalin S (1993) Light and electron microscopic observations on presporogenic and sporogenic stages of Sphaerospora epinepheli (Myxosporea) in grouper (Epinephellus malabaricus). J Eukaryot Microbiol 40:71–80
Uspenskaya AV (1984) Cytology of Myxosporidia. Nauka, Leningrad
Yamamoto T, Sanders JE (1979) Light and electron microscopic observation of sporogenesis in the Myxosporidia Ceratomyxa shasta (Noble, 1950). J Fish Dis 2:411–428
Acknowledgements.
The authors are grateful for the technical assistance of Dr. Aimdip Mouafo and Dr. Fleig in the electron microscopy. We also appreciate the University of Dresden (Freude und Förderer) for funding the electron microscopic study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ali, M.A., Abdel-Baki, A.S., Sakran, T. et al. Light and electron microscopic studies of Myxobolus stomum n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) infecting the blackspotted grunt Plectorhynicus gaterinus (Forsskal, 1775) in the Red Sea, Egypt. Parasitol Res 91, 390–397 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-003-0978-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-003-0978-3