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Maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant patients with colorectal cancer: a population-based study

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant patients with CRC using a large population-based database.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2009 to 2019. Pregnant patients with and without CRC were compared for demographic characteristics, comorbidities, maternal and perinatal outcomes, and hospital burden.

Results

The study included 306 pregnancies with CRC and 40,887,353 pregnancies without CRC. Pregnant patients with CRC were older and more likely to be White. A significant association was observed between CRC and a history of inflammatory bowel disease or a family history of gastrointestinal cancer. Pregnant patients with CRC had higher odds of maternal death (AOR 260.99, 95% CI 33.36–2041.64), cardiac arrhythmia (AOR 13.73, 95% CI 4.21–44.76), acute kidney injury (AOR 32.6, 95% CI 5.29–200.77), severe sepsis (AOR 163.98, 95% CI 22.05–1219.65), and respiratory failure (AOR 31.67, 95% CI 4.11–243.98). Furthermore, the CRC group experienced higher odds of cesarean section (AOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.05–3.03), preterm birth (AOR 4.16, 95% CI 2.05–8.47), and intrauterine death (AOR 13.18, 95% CI 3.33–52.16). Distinct differences in maternal and perinatal outcomes were observed based on the location of CRC. Pregnant patients with CRC faced higher hospital charges and had longer hospital stays during delivery hospitalization compared to those without CRC.

Conclusion

Pregnant patients with CRC are at increased risk for adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, emphasizing the importance of early detection, timely intervention, and comprehensive management during pregnancy.

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Data availability

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

Abbreviations

AORs:

Adjusted odds ratios

CIs:

Confidence intervals

CRC:

Colorectal cancer

HCUP:

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project

IBD:

Inflammatory bowel disease

NIS:

Nationwide Inpatient Sample

OR:

Odds ratio

STROBE:

Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology

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Funding

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Internal Medicine Residency Program, Rochester General Hospital, 1425 Portland Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA

    Chengu Niu, Melody Sun & Hassan Saeed

  2. Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China

    Jing Zhang & Yujing Han

  3. Division of Gastroenterology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA

    Patrick I. Okolo 3rd

Authors
  1. Chengu Niu
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  2. Jing Zhang
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  3. Melody Sun
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  4. Hassan Saeed
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  5. Yujing Han
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  6. Patrick I. Okolo 3rd
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Contributions

CN: conception and design of the study. JZ, MS, YH, HS: literature search, extraction, analysis and interpretation of data. CN: draft of manuscript. PIO: revision and approval of manuscript. All authors provided comments, revised the draft, and approved the final version of the article.

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Correspondence to Chengu Niu.

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Niu, C., Zhang, J., Sun, M. et al. Maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant patients with colorectal cancer: a population-based study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 149, 14159–14167 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-023-05248-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-023-05248-2

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