Abstract
Purpose
Tumor immunotherapy has the advantages of high specificity, minimal damage to the patient’s body, and a long-lasting anti-tumor effect. However, due to the existence of immune escape phenomenon, the effect of anti-tumor immunotherapy is still poor. Therefore, a cancer vaccine that reverses tumor-associated immunosuppression is a very promising approach for research and treatment.
Methods
Vaccines were prepared using autologous and allogeneic tumor cells and their lysates to syngeneic tumor cell lysates as immunogens. The glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis and the secretion level of MCP-2, IFN-γ were detected to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment against glioma in vitro. In addition, a rat glioma model was established to investigate the anti-tumor effect in vivo, and evaluated its efficacy by observing the changes of CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, NK cells, and the level of IL-2 and IL-10 in peripheral blood before and after treatment.
Results
The C6 + 9L glioma cell lysate vaccine (C6 + 9L-CL) not only inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells and promoted their apoptosis in vitro, but also significantly inhibited the tumor growth in vivo and improved the survival time of rats. In addition, the C6 + 9L-CL vaccine enhanced the anti-tumor immune response by promoting the secretion of T cell chemokines MCP-2, IFN-γ and IL-2, and by stimulating the proliferation of T cells and NK cells in peripheral blood and glioma tissues.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate the inhibitory effect of molecular mimic vaccines on glioma and provided a theoretical basis for molecular mimic hybrid vaccines as a potential therapeutic approach.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Medjaden Inc. for scientific editing of this manuscript.
Funding
This work was supported by the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province [No. 2018JY0404]; Luzhou Municipal People’s Government [No. 2020-SYF-28; No. 2020-JYJ-20].
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Conceptualization: LP and LC; data curation: HH, YC and XZ; formal analysis: HH, YC and PW; funding acquisition: LP, LC and CZ; investigation: HH, XZ, SZ, XL and XL; methodology: CZ and YM; project administration: LP; supervision: LP and LC; roles/writing—original draft: HH, YC and PW; writing—review and editing: LP and LC.
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He, H., Cen, Y., Wang, P. et al. The therapeutic effect of an autologous and allogenic mixed glioma cell lysate vaccine in a rat model. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 149, 609–622 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-022-04281-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-022-04281-x