Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

, Volume 143, Issue 9, pp 1789–1809 | Cite as

ROS-modulated therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment

  • Muhammad Hassan Raza
  • Sami Siraj
  • Abida Arshad
  • Usman Waheed
  • Fahad Aldakheel
  • Shatha Alduraywish
  • Muhammad Arshad
Review – Clinical Oncology
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Purpose

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in cancer cells as a result of increased metabolic rate, dysfunction of mitochondria, elevated cell signaling, expression of oncogenes and increased peroxisome activities. Certain level of ROS is required by cancer cells, above or below which lead to cytotoxicity in cancer cells. This biochemical aspect can be exploited to develop novel therapeutic agents to preferentially and selectively target cancer cells.

Methods

We searched various electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed english-language articles. Selected articles ranging from research papers, clinical studies, and review articles on the ROS production in living systems, its role in cancer development and cancer treatment, and the role of microbiota in ROS-dependent cancer therapy were analyzed.

Results

This review highlights oxidative stress in tumors, underlying mechanisms of different relationships of ROS and cancer cells, different ROS-mediated therapeutic strategies and the emerging role of microbiota in cancer therapy.

Conclusion

Cancer cells exhibit increased ROS stress and disturbed redox homeostasis which lead to ROS adaptations. ROS-dependent anticancer therapies including ROS scavenging anticancer therapy and ROS boosting anticancer therapy have shown promising results in vitro as well as in vivo. In addition, response to cancer therapy is modulated by the human microbiota which plays a critical role in systemic body functions.

Keywords

Reactive oxygen species Pro-oxidants Antioxidants Cancer therapy Microbiota 

Notes

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Funding

Not applicable.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Bioinformatics and BiotechnologyInternational Islamic UniversityIslamabadPakistan
  2. 2.Institute of Basic Medical SciencesKhyber Medical University (KMU)PeshawarPakistan
  3. 3.Department of BiologyPMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan
  4. 4.Department of Pathology and Blood BankShaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical UniversityIslamabadPakistan
  5. 5.Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
  6. 6.Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

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