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(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces apoptosis and suppresses proliferation by inhibiting the human Indian Hedgehog pathway in human chondrosarcoma cells

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Abstract

Purpose

Chondrosarcoma is a soft tissue sarcoma with a poor prognosis that is unresponsive to conventional chemotherapy. The regulatory mechanisms for the rapid proliferation of chondrosarcoma cells and the particular aggressiveness of this sarcoma remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on growth and apoptosis of chondrosarcoma cells.

Methods

The chondrosarcoma cell lines, SW1353 and CRL-7891, were cultured with and without EGCG. The MTT assay was used to test the cytotoxicity of EGCG. Flow cytometry and DAPI staining were used to observe cell apoptosis caused by EGCG. To explore the effect of EGCG on the Indian Hedgehog signaling pathway and apoptosis-related proteins, RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of PTCH and Gli-1 in the Indian Hedgehog signaling pathway. Meanwhile, expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were also evaluated by Western blot analysis.

Results

EGCG effectively inhibited cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis of SW1353 and CRL-7891. EGCG inhibited the human Indian Hedgehog pathway, down-regulated PTCH and Gli-1 levels, and induced apoptosis as confirmed by DAPI staining followed by flow cytometry. Protein expression levels of caspase-3 were unchanged in response to EGCG treatment in chondrosarcoma cells; however, the expression levels of Bcl-2 were significantly decreased and the levels of Bax were significantly increased.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that EGCG is effective for growth inhibition of a chondrosarcoma cell lines in vitro, and suggest that EGCG may be a new therapeutic option for patients with chondrosarcoma.

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Acknowledgments

This work Supported by Peking University People’s Hospital Research and Development Funds (RDN2007-15).

Conflict of interest statement

We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, 100044, Beijing, China

    Guo-Qing Tang, Tai-Qiang Yan, Wei Guo, Ting-Ting Ren, Chang-Liang Peng, Hui Zhao, Xin-Chang Lu & Fu-Long Zhao

  2. Department of Orthopaedic, Peking University Third Hospital, 100044, Beijing, China

    Xiaoguang Han

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  1. Guo-Qing Tang
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  2. Tai-Qiang Yan
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  3. Wei Guo
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  4. Ting-Ting Ren
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  5. Chang-Liang Peng
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  6. Hui Zhao
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  7. Xin-Chang Lu
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  8. Fu-Long Zhao
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  9. Xiaoguang Han
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Correspondence to Tai-Qiang Yan.

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Tang, GQ., Yan, TQ., Guo, W. et al. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces apoptosis and suppresses proliferation by inhibiting the human Indian Hedgehog pathway in human chondrosarcoma cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 136, 1179–1185 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-010-0765-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-010-0765-3

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