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Pentraxin 3, a serum biomarker in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1-associated myelopathy patients and asymptomatic carriers

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Abstract

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) can induce a neuroinflammatory condition that leads to myelopathy. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase protein that its plasma concentration increases during inflammation. We aimed to determine whether PTX3 serum level is elevated in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients and HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers (ACs) and evaluate its association with proviral load and clinical features. The serum level of PTX3 was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 30 HAM patients, 30 HTLV-1 ACs, and 30 healthy controls. Also, the HTLV-1 proviral load was determined via real-time PCR technique. The findings showed that PTX3 serum level was significantly higher in HAM patients than in both asymptomatic carriers and healthy controls (p values < 0.0001). No correlation between PTX3 and the proviral load was observed in HAM patients and asymptomatic carriers (r = − 0.238, p = 0.205 and r = − 0.078, p = 0.681, respectively). The findings showed that there was no significant correlation between PTX3 and motor disability grading (MDG) (r = − 0.155, p = 0.41) nor urinary disturbance score (UDS) (r = − 0.238, p = 0.20). Higher levels of PTX3 are associated with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy compared to asymptomatic carriers. This finding may support the idea that PTX3 has the potential as a diagnostic biomarker.

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Data availability statement

The data generated or analyzed during this study are available from corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was performed as the thesis for neurology specialty degree of the first author. The authors should appreciate the support of Vice-chancellor for research at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (990557).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Motahareh Manzarinejad, Reza Boostani & Fariba Zemorshidi

  2. Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Zohreh Vahidi

  3. Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan

  4. Rheumatic Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Houshang Rafatpanah

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  1. Motahareh Manzarinejad
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Contributions

MM, ZV, HR and FZ performed research; MKR Analyzed data; ZV and FZ conceived and designed research; RB supervised and coordinated the study; MM wrote the paper draft; FZ contributed to manuscript editing. The manuscript was approved by all the authors.

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Correspondence to Fariba Zemorshidi.

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The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences with approval code IR.MUMS.MEDICAL.REC.1399.44.7. All the participants were informed about the study procedure and provided written consent before they participated in the study.

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Manzarinejad, M., Vahidi, Z., Boostani, R. et al. Pentraxin 3, a serum biomarker in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1-associated myelopathy patients and asymptomatic carriers. Med Microbiol Immunol 212, 271–278 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00430-023-00770-z

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