Abstract
Identifying structure–function correspondences is a major goal among biologists, cognitive neuroscientists, and brain mappers. Recent studies have identified relationships between performance on cognitive tasks and the presence or absence of small, shallow indentations, or sulci, of the human brain. Building on the previous finding that the presence of the ventral para-intermediate frontal sulcus (pimfs-v) in the left anterior lateral prefrontal cortex (aLPFC) was related to reasoning task performance in children and adolescents, we tested whether this relationship extended to a different sample, age group, and reasoning task. As predicted, the presence of this aLPFC sulcus was also associated with higher reasoning scores in young adults (ages 22–36). These findings have not only direct developmental, but also evolutionary relevance—as recent work shows that the pimfs-v is exceedingly rare in chimpanzees. Thus, the pimfs-v is a key developmental, cognitive, and evolutionarily relevant feature that should be considered in future studies examining how the complex relationships among multiscale anatomical and functional features of the brain give rise to abstract thought.
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Data availability
Data, code, analysis pipelines, and sulcal probability maps, are on GitHub (https://github.com/cnl-berkeley/stable_projects/tree/main/CognitiveRelevance_PrefrontalStructure).
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Acknowledgements
We thank Jewelia Yao and Jacob Miller for their assistance defining other additional lateral prefrontal cortex sulci across age groups. We also thank the HCP researchers for participant recruitment and data collection and sharing, as well as the participants who took part in the study.
Funding
This research was supported by NICHD R21HD100858 (Weiner, Bunge), NIH Medical Scientist Training Program Training Grant T32 GM140935 (Willbrand), an NSF CAREER Award 2042251 (Weiner), and an NSF-GRFP fellowship (Voorhies). Young adult neuroimaging and behavioral data were provided by the HCP, WU-Minn Consortium (Principal Investigators: David Van Essen and Kamil Ugurbil; NIH Grant 1U54-MH-091657) funded by the 16 NIH Institutes and Centers that support the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research, and the McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience at Washington University.
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EHW, SAB, and KSW designed research; EHW, SJ, SC, CBH, WIV, and KSW performed manual sulcal labeling; EHW, SAB, and KSW analyzed data; EHW, SAB, and KSW wrote the paper; all authors gave final approval to the paper before submission.
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Willbrand, E.H., Jackson, S., Chen, S. et al. Sulcal variability in anterior lateral prefrontal cortex contributes to variability in reasoning performance among young adults. Brain Struct Funct 229, 387–402 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-023-02734-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-023-02734-8