Abstract
Limited evidence has shown that practising musical activities in aging, such as choral singing, could lessen age-related speech perception in noise (SPiN) difficulties. However, the robustness and underlying mechanism of action of this phenomenon remain unclear. In this study, we used surface-based morphometry combined with a moderated mediation analytic approach to examine whether singing-related plasticity in auditory and dorsal speech stream regions is associated with better SPiN capabilities. 36 choral singers and 36 non-singers aged 20–87 years underwent cognitive, auditory, and SPiN assessments. Our results provide important new insights into experience-dependent plasticity by revealing that, under certain conditions of practice, amateur choral singing is associated with age-dependent structural plasticity within auditory and dorsal speech regions, which is associated with better SPiN performance in aging. Specifically, the conditions of practice that were associated with benefits on SPiN included frequent weekly practice at home, several hours of weekly group singing practice, singing in multiple languages, and having received formal singing training. These results suggest that amateur choral singing is associated with improved SPiN through a dual mechanism involving auditory processing and auditory–motor integration and may be dose dependent, with more intense singing associated with greater benefit. Our results, thus, reveal that the relationship between singing practice and SPiN is complex, and underscore the importance of considering singing practice behaviours in understanding the effects of musical activities on the brain–behaviour relationship.
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Availability of data and material
All stimuli and experiment files are publicly available on the Scholar portal Dataverse: https://doi.org/10.5683/SP2/8IX6QZ. Individual data are not available because informed consent obtained from participants did not include consent to public data sharing, and we were not granted the right to request it a posteriori by our local research ethics committee.
Code availability
The software used in this study is freely available online: http://freesurfer.net.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Valérie Brisson for her valuable help in the development of the task and for her contribution to the recruitment and testing of participants. We also thank Julie Poulin, Emilie Belley, Lisa-Marie Deschênes, Anne-Christine Bricaud, Elena Vaccaro, and Antoine Halbaut for their contributions to the recruitment and testing of participants, as well as all others research assistants and research interns who contributed to the project. Technical support for protocol development and data acquisition was provided by the “Centre intégré en neuroimagerie et neurostimulation de Québec” (CINQ).
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This study was supported by grants to PT from the Drummond Foundation (2016RFA proposal #27) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC grant # RGPIN-2019-06534), and two Globalink research internships from MITACS. PT holds a Career award from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec (FRQ-S, #35016). MP was funded by graduate scholarships from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec (FRQS) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).
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MP: Conceptualisation, Methodology, Investigation, Project administration, Formal analysis, Visualisation, Writing—Original draft preparation, Data Curation. JV: Conceptualisation, Writing—Reviewing and Editing. PT: Conceptualisation, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Investigation, Supervision, Resources, Project administration, Writing—Reviewing and Editing, Data Curation.
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Perron, M., Vaillancourt, J. & Tremblay, P. Amateur singing benefits speech perception in aging under certain conditions of practice: behavioural and neurobiological mechanisms. Brain Struct Funct 227, 943–962 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02433-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02433-2