Chronotype differences in cortical thickness: grey matter reflects when you go to bed

Rosenberg, Jessica; Jacobs, Heidi I. L.; Maximov, Ivan I.; Reske, Martina; Shah, N. J.

doi:10.1007/s00429-018-1697-y

Original Article
Published: 15 June 2018

Chronotype differences in cortical thickness: grey matter reflects when you go to bed

Jessica Rosenberg^1,2,3,
Heidi I. L. Jacobs⁴^nAff5^nAff6,
Ivan I. Maximov¹^nAff7,
Martina Reske^1,2^nAff8 &
N. J. Shah^1,2,3,9

Brain Structure and Function volume 223, pages 3411–3421 (2018)Cite this article

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Abstract

Based on individual circadian cycles and associated cognitive rhythms, humans can be classified via standardised self-reports as being early (EC), late (LC) and intermediate (IC) chronotypes. Alterations in neural cortical structure underlying these chronotype differences have rarely been investigated and are the scope of this study. 16 healthy male ECs, 16 ICs and 16 LCs were measured with a 3 T MAGNETOM TIM TRIO (Siemens, Erlangen) scanner using a magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo sequence. Data were analysed by applying voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and vertex-wise cortical thickness (CTh) analysis. VBM analysis revealed that ECs showed significantly lower grey matter volumes bilateral in the lateral occipital cortex and the precuneus as compared to LCs, and in the right lingual gyrus, occipital fusiform gyrus and the occipital pole as compared to ICs. CTh findings showed lower grey matter volumes for ECs in the left anterior insula, precuneus, inferior parietal cortex, and right pars triangularis than for LCs, and in the right superior parietal gyrus than for ICs. These findings reveal that chronotype differences are associated with specific neural substrates of cortical thickness, surface areas, and folding. We conclude that this might be the basis for chronotype differences in behaviour and brain function. Furthermore, our results speak for the necessity of considering “chronotype” as a potentially modulating factor in all kinds of structural brain-imaging experiments.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the participation of our subjects and we would like to thank (A) Brinck, (B) Elghahwagi, D. Krug, S. Harzheim, A. Heimsoeth, A. Muren, V. Nelles and T. Warbrick for their support in preparing and/or their assistance in conducting the study.

Funding

This research was supported by Grants from JARA, RWTH (JR). NJS is funded in part by the Helmholtz Alliance ICEMED—Imaging and Curing Environmental Metabolic Diseases, through the Initiative and Network Fund of the Helmholtz Association (HA-314).

Author information

Heidi I. L. Jacobs
Present address: Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Heidi I. L. Jacobs
Present address: Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO BOX 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Ivan I. Maximov
Present address: Experimental Physics III, TU Dortmund University, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
Martina Reske
Present address: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-6), Computational and Systems Neuroscience, and Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-6), Theoretical Neuroscience, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany

Affiliations

Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Medical Imaging Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
Jessica Rosenberg, Ivan I. Maximov, Martina Reske & N. J. Shah
JARA-Translational Brain Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
Jessica Rosenberg, Martina Reske & N. J. Shah
Department of Neurology, University Clinic Aachen, 52074, Aachen, Germany
Jessica Rosenberg & N. J. Shah
Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
Heidi I. L. Jacobs
Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
N. J. Shah

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Ivan I. Maximov
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Martina Reske
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N. J. Shah
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Correspondence to Jessica Rosenberg.

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Rosenberg, J., Jacobs, H.I.L., Maximov, I.I. et al. Chronotype differences in cortical thickness: grey matter reflects when you go to bed. Brain Struct Funct 223, 3411–3421 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-018-1697-y

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Received: 29 June 2016
Accepted: 04 June 2018
Published: 15 June 2018
Issue Date: September 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-018-1697-y

Keywords

Chronotype
Circadian
Cortical thickness
Grey matter
Voxel-based morphometry