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Investigating structure and function in the healthy human brain: validity of acute versus chronic lesion-symptom mapping

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Abstract

Modern voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analyses techniques provide powerful tools to examine the relationship between structure and function of the healthy human brain. However, there is still uncertainty on the type of and the appropriate time point of imaging and of behavioral testing for such analyses. Here we tested the validity of the three most common combinations of structural imaging data and behavioral scores used in VLSM analyses. Given the established knowledge about the neural substrate of the primary motor system in humans, we asked the mundane question of where the motor system is represented in the normal human brain, analyzing individual arm motor function of 60 unselected stroke patients. Only the combination of acute behavioral scores and acute structural imaging precisely identified the principal brain area for the emergence of hemiparesis after stroke, i.e., the corticospinal tract (CST). In contrast, VLSM analyses based on chronic behavior—in combination with either chronic or acute imaging—required the exclusion of patients who had recovered from an initial paresis to reveal valid anatomical results. Thus, if the primary research aim of a VLSM lesion analysis is to uncover the neural substrates of a certain function in the healthy human brain and if no longitudinal designs with repeated evaluations are planned, the combination of acute imaging and behavior represents the ideal dataset.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Ka 1258/20-1, KA1258/23-1). We want to thank Johannes Richter, Urszula Mihulowicz, and Henrike Planert for help with the data acquisition.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neuropsychology, Center of Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Hans-Otto Karnath & Johannes Rennig

  2. Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA

    Hans-Otto Karnath

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  1. Hans-Otto Karnath
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  2. Johannes Rennig
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Correspondence to Hans-Otto Karnath.

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Karnath, HO., Rennig, J. Investigating structure and function in the healthy human brain: validity of acute versus chronic lesion-symptom mapping. Brain Struct Funct 222, 2059–2070 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-016-1325-7

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