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Endogenous-cue prospective memory involving incremental updating of working memory: an fMRI study

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Abstract

Introduction

Prospective memory paradigms are conventionally classified on the basis of event-, time-, or activity-based intention retrieval. In the vast majority of such paradigms, intention retrieval is provoked by some kind of external event. However, prospective memory retrieval cues that prompt intention retrieval in everyday life are commonly endogenous, i.e., linked to a specific imagined retrieval context. We describe herein a novel prospective memory paradigm wherein the endogenous cue is generated by incremental updating of working memory, and investigated the hemodynamic correlates of this task.

Methods

Eighteen healthy adult volunteers underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while they performed a prospective memory task where the delayed intention was triggered by an endogenous cue generated by incremental updating of working memory. Working memory and ongoing task control conditions were also administered.

Results

The ‘endogenous-cue prospective memory condition’ with incremental working memory updating was associated with maximum activations in the right rostral prefrontal cortex, and additional activations in the brain regions that constitute the bilateral fronto-parietal network, central and dorsal salience networks as well as cerebellum. In the working memory control condition, maximal activations were noted in the left dorsal anterior insula.

Conclusions

Activation of the bilateral dorsal anterior insula, a component of the central salience network, was found to be unique to this ‘endogenous-cue prospective memory task’ in comparison to previously reported exogenous- and endogenous-cue prospective memory tasks without incremental working memory updating. Thus, the findings of the present study highlight the important role played by the dorsal anterior insula in incremental working memory updating that is integral to our endogenous-cue prospective memory task.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge funding support from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India (Grant No. BT/PR/8363/MED/14/1252 to J.P.J). H.N.H. received the Graduate Student Chapter Award of the Society for Neuroscience (SfN) for presenting the preliminary findings of this work at the SfN Meeting at San Diego, CA, 2010. We thank Prof Paul W Burgess, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London (UCL) for his guidance in substantially refining an earlier version of this manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. Harsha N. Halahalli

    Present address: Department of Physiology, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Multimodal Brain Image Analysis Laboratory (MBIAL), Neurobiology Research Center (NRC), Dharmaram P.O., Hosur Road, PB No. 2900, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 029, India

    Harsha N. Halahalli, John P. John & Ammu Lukose

  2. Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India

    Harsha N. Halahalli, John P. John, Ammu Lukose & Sanjeev Jain

  3. Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India

    Harsha N. Halahalli & Bindu M. Kutty

  4. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India

    John P. John

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Correspondence to John P. John.

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Halahalli, H.N., John, J.P., Lukose, A. et al. Endogenous-cue prospective memory involving incremental updating of working memory: an fMRI study. Brain Struct Funct 220, 3611–3626 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0877-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0877-7

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