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Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer and its association with clinicopathological features and prognosis

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Abstract

UbiquitinC-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) is a cysteine hydrolase. It functions as a ubiquitin hydrolase, stabilizes the ubiquitin monomer, and affects cell division through cell cycle protein deubiquitination. Abnormal UCH-L1 expression is closely related to the occurrence and development of several tumors. Although some in vitro studies have demonstrated the significance of UCH-L1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only few clinical studies have focused on the UCH-L1 expression in NSCLC, and the results are controversial and non-uniform. We investigated the UCH-L1 expression in 401 cases of surgically resected NSCLC, including 286 cases of adenocarcinoma (ADC) and 65 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. The associations between the UCH-L1 expression and clinicopathological features, programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and prognostic significance were analyzed. For NSCLC, the UCH-L1 expression is associated with sex, smoking history, tumor size (>3 cm), lymphocyte infiltration, advanced pathological stages, and shortened overall survival (OS; 89.72 vs. 114.55 months; P = 0.005), but not PD-L1 expression. The UCH-L1 expression in ADC is associated with advanced pathological stages, pleural invasion, and shortened OS (90.38 vs. 118.55 months; P = 0.010). Multivariate analysis confirmed that UCH-L1 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for NSCLC (OS: hazard ratio [HR], 1.854; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.132–3.038; P = 0.014). Our results suggest that the UCH-L1 expression differs across tumors with different clinicopathological features, and it is related to poor prognosis.

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Funding

This study was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81902342); Jilin Province Department of Finance (2019SCZT005, 2019SRCJ007, 2020SCZT007); Health Commission of Jilin Province (2019Q002); and Jilin University (419161900034).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China

    Jiaqi Yu, Shili Yu, Meng Jia, Ping-Li Sun & Hongwen Gao

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  1. Jiaqi Yu
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Contributions

Writing (original draft): Jiaqi Yu; Formal analysis and investigation: Jiaqi Yu, Shili Yu; Resources: Meng Jia; Conceptualization: Ping-Li Sun; Writing (review and editing): Ping-Li Sun; Project administration: Ping-Li Sun, Hongwen Gao; Funding acquisition: Ping-Li Sun, Hongwen Gao

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Correspondence to Ping-Li Sun or Hongwen Gao.

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Yu, J., Yu, S., Jia, M. et al. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer and its association with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Virchows Arch 480, 577–585 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-021-03199-y

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