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Math anxiety relates positively to metacognitive insight into mathematical decision making

Psychological Research volume 86, pages 1001–1013 (2022)Cite this article

Abstract

The current study reports a pre-registered investigation into the interrelations between mathematics anxiety, metacognition and mathematical decision-making. Although this question has already received some attention in previous work, reliance on self-report measures of metacognition has hindered its interpretation. Here, a novel experimental mathematical decision-making task was used in which participants solved mathematical assignments of varying difficulty, and expressed their level of confidence in the accuracy of their decision both prospectively and retrospectively. Mathematics anxiety was measured using a standardized questionnaire. Both prospective and retrospective confidence judgments predicted unique variation in accuracy; however, the explanatory effect of prospective confidence disappeared after taking task difficulty into account. This suggests that prospective, but not retrospective, confidence is largely based on easily available cues indicative of performance. Results of a multiple regression analysis indicated that individual differences in mathematics anxiety were negatively related to the overall level of confidence (both prospectively and retrospectively), and positively related to metacognitive efficiency (only prospectively). Having insight in these interrelationships is important in the context of remediating mathematics anxiety, which might in turn be useful with regard to the worldwide need for more workers with degrees in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM).

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Laura Sannen for her help with data collection, and Bert Reynvoet for helpful discussions.

Funding

K.D. is an FWO [PEGASUS]2 Marie Skłodowska-Curie fellow (grant number 12T9717N). Delphine Sasanguie is a postdoctoral research fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany

    Kobe Desender

  2. Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium

    Kobe Desender

  3. Brain and Cognition, KU Leuven, Tiensetraat 102, 3000, Leuven, Belgium

    Kobe Desender & Delphine Sasanguie

  4. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences@Kulak, Kortrijk, Belgium

    Delphine Sasanguie

  5. Research Centre for Learning in Diversity, HOGENT, Gent, Belgium

    Delphine Sasanguie

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Desender, K., Sasanguie, D. Math anxiety relates positively to metacognitive insight into mathematical decision making. Psychological Research 86, 1001–1013 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-021-01511-8

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Keywords

  • Mathematics anxiety
  • Mathematical decision-making
  • Metacognition
  • Metacognitive efficiency
  • Meta-d’