Abstract
Main conclusion
The Aegilops tauschii resistant accession prevented the pathogen colonization by controlling the sugar flow and triggering the hypersensitive reaction. This study suggested that NBS-LRRs probably induce resistance through bHLH by controlling JA- and SA-dependent pathways.
Abstract
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is one of wheat’s most destructive fungal diseases that causes a severe yield reduction worldwide. The most effective and economically-friendly strategy to manage this disease is genetic resistance which can be achieved through deploying new and effective resistance genes. Aegilops tauschii, due to its small genome and co-evolution with Pst, can provide detailed information about underlying resistance mechanisms. Hence, we used RNA-sequencing approach to identify the transcriptome variations of two contrasting resistant and susceptible Ae. tauschii accessions in interaction with Pst and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for resistance to stripe rust. Gene ontology, pathway analysis, and search for functional domains, transcription regulators, resistance genes, and protein–protein interactions were used to interpret the results. The genes encoding NBS-LRR, CC-NBS-kinase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-, basic-leucine zipper (bZIP)-, APETALA2 (AP2)-, auxin response factor (ARF)-, GATA-, and LSD-like transcription factors were up-regulated exclusively in the resistant accession. The key genes involved in response to salicylic acid, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and hypersensitive response contributed to plant defense against stripe rust. The activation of jasmonic acid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways under Pst infection in the susceptible accession explained the colonization of the host. Overall, this study can fill the gaps in the literature on host–pathogen interaction and enrich the Ae. tauschii transcriptome sequence information. It also suggests candidate genes that could guide future breeding programs attempting to develop rust-resistant cultivars.
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Data availability
RNA-sequencing data have been deposited at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) with the accession number PRJNA951712.
Abbreviations
- AP2:
-
APETALA2
- ARF:
-
Auxin response factor
- bZIP:
-
Basic-leucine zipper
- BP:
-
Biological process
- CNK:
-
CC-NBS-kinase
- CNL:
-
CC-NBS-LRR
- DEGs:
-
Differentially expressed genes
- ETI:
-
Effector-triggered immunity
- GO:
-
Gene ontology
- hpi:
-
Hours post inoculation
- HR:
-
Hypersensitive response
- JA:
-
Jasmonic acid
- KEGG:
-
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- MAPK:
-
Mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MF:
-
Molecular function
- NL:
-
NBS-LRR
- NPR1:
-
Non-expressor of PR-protein
- PTI:
-
Pattern-triggered immunity
- PAL:
-
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
- Pst :
-
Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- RLK:
-
Receptor-like kinase
- RLP:
-
Receptor-like protein
- R genes:
-
Resistance genes
- SA:
-
Salicylic acid
- TFs:
-
Transcription factors
- Yr gene:
-
Yellow rust-resistance gene
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Behnam Davoudnia was funded by Shiraz University towards PhD studies.
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BD conducted the experiments, analysed and validated the data, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. AD conceived the project, supervised and funded the project, revised the first and final drafts of the manuscript. AM, BH and MY contributed to the analysis of data and revision of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Davoudnia, B., Dadkhodaie, A., Moghadam, A. et al. Transcriptome analysis in Aegilops tauschii unravels further insights into genetic control of stripe rust resistance. Planta 259, 70 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-024-04347-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-024-04347-9