Abstract
Main conclusion
Bioinformatic analysis of moso bamboo TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, CYCLOIDEA, and PROLIFERATING CELL FACTORS (TCP) transcription factors reveals their conservation and variation as well as the probable biological functions in abiotic stress response. Overexpressing PheTCP9 in Arabidopsis thaliana illustrates it may exhibit a new vision in different aspects of response to salt stress.
Abstract
Plant specific TCPs play important roles in plant growth, development and stress response, but studies of TCP in moso bamboo are limited. Therefore, in this study, a total of 40 TCP genes (PheTCP1 ~ 40) were identified and characterized from moso bamboo genome and divided into three different subfamilies, namely, 7 in TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1 / CYCLOIDEA (TB1/CYC), 14 in CINCINNATA (CIN) and 19 in PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR (PCF). Subsequently, we analyzed the gene structures and conserved domain of these genes and found that the members from the same subfamilies exhibited similar exon/intron distribution patterns. Selection pressure and gene duplication analysis results indicated that PheTCP genes underwent strong purification selection during evolution. There were many cis-elements related to phytohermone and stress responsive existing in the upstream promoter regions of PheTCP genes, such as ABRE, CGTCA-motif and ARE. Subcellular localization experiments showed that PheTCP9 was a nuclear localized protein. As shown by β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity, the promoter of PheTCP9 was significantly indicated by salt stress. PheTCP9 was significantly induced in the roots, stems and leaves of moso bamboo. It was also significantly induced by NaCl solution. Overexpressing PheTCP9 increased the salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis. Meanwhile, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were significantly lower in PheTCP9 over expression (OE) transgenic Arabidopsis than WT. Catalase (CAT) activity, K+/Na+ ratio as well as CAT2 expression level was also much improved in transgenic Arabidopsis than WT under salt conditions. In addition, PheTCP9 OE transgenic Arabidopsis held higher survival rates of seedlings than WT under NaCl conditions. These results showed the positive regulation functions of PheTCP9 in plants under salt conditions.
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Data availability statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in GIGA database http://gigadb.org/dataset/100498. The information of moso bamboo TCP genes are shown in Table S1.
Abbreviations
- CIN:
-
CINCINNATA
- MDA:
-
Malondialdehyde
- (Me)-JA:
-
(Methyl)-jasmonate
- PCF:
-
PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR
- REL:
-
Relative electrolyte leakage
- RWC:
-
Relative water content
- SA:
-
Salicylic acid
- TCP:
-
Plant-specific TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, CYCLOIDEA, and PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR (PCF1) transcription factor family
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We are very grateful to the editor and reviewers for critically evaluating the manuscript and providing constructive comments for its improvement.
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This work was supported by the Natural Science Youth Science Foundation of Anhui Province (Grant No. 2008085QC133), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31670672) and the 2021 Graduate Innovation Fund of Anhui Agricultural University (Grant No. 2021yjs-12).
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425_2022_3917_MOESM1_ESM.tif
Fig. S1 Microsynteny analysis of PheTCP genes among moso bamboo and Brachypodium distachyon, rice, sorghum and maize. a, b, c, d Gray lines in the background indicated the collinear blocks within the moso bamboo genome and corresponding species, whereas the red lines highlighted the collinear of TCP gene pairs. e, f, g, h The Ka and Ks statistical analysis of TCP gene pairs between moso bamboo and corresponding species. (TIF 2539 KB)
425_2022_3917_MOESM3_ESM.tif
Fig. S3 Identified of PheTCP9 OE strains in Arabidopsis thaliana. a Sketch map of PheTCP9 over expression fusion vector. b GUS staining assays of PheTCP9 OE T0 strains. c RT-PCR assays of PheTCP9 OE T0 strains. d Expression levels of PheTCP9 in different PheTCP9 OE transgenic strains. Data are the means ± SD from three biological repeats, n = 3 biological replicates, *P value < 0.05, **P value < 0.01, ***P value < 0.001, two-sided Student t test. (TIF 294 KB)
425_2022_3917_MOESM6_ESM.xlsx
Table S3 Paralogous and orthologous pairs identified of TCP genes between moso bamboo and other grass species (XLSX 12 KB)
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Xu, Y., Wang, L., Liu, H. et al. Identification of TCP family in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) and salt tolerance analysis of PheTCP9 in transgenic Arabidopsis. Planta 256, 5 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03917-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03917-z