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A systems biology study unveils the association between a melatonin biosynthesis gene, O-methyl transferase 1 (OMT1) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combined drought and salinity stress tolerance

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Abstract

Main conclusion

Enhanced levels of endogenous melatonin in the root of wheat, mainly through the OMT1 gene, augment the antioxidant system, reestablish redox homeostasis and are associated with combined stress tolerance.

Abstract

A systems biology approach, including a collection of computational analyses and experimental assays, led us to uncover some aspects of a poorly understood phenomenon, namely wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combined drought and salinity stress tolerance. Accordingly, a cross-study comparison of stress experiments was performed via a meta-analysis of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) data from wheat roots to uncover the overlapping gene network of drought and salinity stresses. Identified differentially expressed genes were functionally annotated by gene ontology enrichment analysis and gene network analysis. Among those genes, O-methyl transferase 1 (OMT1) was highlighted as a more important (hub) gene in the dual-stress response gene network. Afterwards, the potential roles of OMT1 in mediating physiochemical indicators of stress tolerance were investigated in two wheat genotypes differing in abiotic stress tolerance. Regression analysis and correspondence analysis (CA) confirmed that the expression profiles of the OMT1 gene and variations in melatonin content, antioxidant enzyme activities, proline accumulation, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents are significantly associated with combined stress tolerance. These results reveal that the OMT1 gene may contribute to wheat combined drought and salinity stress tolerance through augmenting the antioxidant system and re-establishing redox homeostasis, probably via the regulation of melatonin biosynthesis as a master regulator molecule. Our findings provide new insights into the roles of melatonin in wheat combined drought and salinity stress tolerance and suggest a novel plausible regulatory node through the OMT1 gene to improve multiple-stress tolerant crops.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.

Abbreviations

CAT:

Catalase

EST:

Expressed sequence tag

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

OMT1:

O-Methyl transferase 1

POD:

Peroxidase

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Higher education center of Eghlid for funding this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Higher Education Center of Eghlid, Eghlid, Iran

    Roohollah Shamloo-Dashtpagerdi

  2. Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Massume Aliakbari

  3. School of Bioscience, University of Skovde, Skovde, Sweden

    Angelica Lindlöf

  4. Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran

    Sirus Tahmasebi

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  1. Roohollah Shamloo-Dashtpagerdi
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  2. Massume Aliakbari
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  3. Angelica Lindlöf
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Correspondence to Roohollah Shamloo-Dashtpagerdi.

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Shamloo-Dashtpagerdi, R., Aliakbari, M., Lindlöf, A. et al. A systems biology study unveils the association between a melatonin biosynthesis gene, O-methyl transferase 1 (OMT1) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combined drought and salinity stress tolerance. Planta 255, 99 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03885-4

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