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Biochemical analysis of a new sugary-type rice mutant, Hemisugary1, carrying a novel allele of the sugary-1 gene

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Abstract

Main conclusion

A novel allele of the sugary-1 rice mutant was isolated. The single amino acid change led to isoamylase activity reduction and accumulation of high-molecular-weight phytoglycogen in seeds.

Abstract

A new sugary rice variety with an improved seed appearance has been isolated and designated Hemisugary1. This mutant, which was derived from Japonica-type cultivar Tsugaruroman treated with sodium azide, has about half the isoamylase activity of seeds in the original Tsugaruroman. The mutant also accumulates significant phytoglycogen, albeit approximately 40% of the total phytoglycogen in the existing sugary cultivar Ayunohikari which is defective in its most isoamylase activity. The site of mutation was identified using a re-sequence of the whole genome and a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker. The hemisugary phenotypes of the F2 progeny were entirely consistent with the results of genotyping using the CAPS marker. Segregation analysis of the F2 population showed that the hemisugary phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene, which was produced by a G → A single nucleotide polymorphism in the sugary-1 gene, resulting in a missense mutation from glycine to aspartic acid at amino acid position 333. Zymogram showed that this amino acid replacement resulted in a decrease in isoamylase activity with a concomitant reduction in the formation of isoamylase complexes. Phytoglycogen molecules from Hemisugary1 seeds were 3.5 times larger and contained more short glucan chains than did Ayunohikari seeds. Our data provide new insights into the relationship between isoamylase structure and phytoglycogen formation.

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Abbreviations

CAPS:

Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence

DBE:

Starch debranching enzyme

ISA:

Isoamylase

PUL:

Pullulanase

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from Takano Life Science Research Foundation, Hirosaki University Grant for Exploratory Research by Young Scientists, and the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science [KAKENHI, Grant Number 19K05989 (to SH)]. The work was carried out in part at the Teaching and Research Center for Bio-coexistence and Gene Research Center of Hirosaki University. We would like to thank Enago (www.enago.jp) for the English language review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan

    Sumire Takahashi, Yu Kumagai, Hidenari Igarashi, Karin Horimai & Shigeki Hamada

  2. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Akita College, 1-1 Iijima-Bunkyo-cho, Akita, 011-8511, Japan

    Hiroyuki Ito

  3. Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, 1 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8560, Japan

    Toru Shimada & Yoji Kato

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  1. Sumire Takahashi
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  2. Yu Kumagai
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Correspondence to Shigeki Hamada.

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Takahashi, S., Kumagai, Y., Igarashi, H. et al. Biochemical analysis of a new sugary-type rice mutant, Hemisugary1, carrying a novel allele of the sugary-1 gene. Planta 251, 29 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03321-0

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