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Arabidopsis nudix hydrolase 7 plays a role in seed germination

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Abstract

Arabidopsis nudix hydrolase 7 (Atnudt7) mutants exhibit reduced seed germination phenotype following after-ripening. The role of AtNUDT7 in seeds and during early stages of imbibition was examined. Seeds of Atnudt7-1 and Col-0 following 3 days of imbibition were used to profile changes in NADH- and ADP-ribose pyrophosphohydrolase enzyme activities, expression of nudix family genes closely related to AtNudt7, and AtNUDT7 protein levels. Changes in pyridine nucleotides, phytohormones, reactive oxygen species and poly(ADP-ribose) levels in after-ripened seeds and 1 day after imbibition were also analyzed. Changes in AtNUDT7 gene expression, protein levels and enzyme activities in WT seeds and during early stages of imbibition were correlated. Atnudt7-1 seeds lacked NADH pyrophosphohydrolase activity that led to very high catabolic redox charge. Abscisic acid (ABA) levels were higher in Atnudt7-1 mutant while salicylic acid, gibberellic acid, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were higher in WT seeds. In Atnudt7-1, there was excess ROS accumulation 1 day after imbibition. PAR levels were significantly higher in Atnudt7-1 mutant when compared to WT during imbibition. Based on these observations, we conclude NADH pyrophosphohydrolase activity conferred by AtNUDT7 is important for NAD:NADH homeostasis in seeds. Perturbations to this key redox couple alter ABA and ROS levels in the seeds that in turn lowers germination.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported partially by National Science Foundation under Grant No. EPS-081431. We thank Dr. Jane Parker (Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research) for providing us the Atnudt7-2 mutant seeds. We thank Dr. Leslie Hicks, Donald Danforth Plant Sciences Center, Saint Louis, MO for assistance with the phytohormone analysis. We thank Dr. Yixing Wang for technical assistance.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 246 Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA

    Xin Zeng, Yong-Fang Li & Ramamurthy Mahalingam

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  1. Xin Zeng
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  2. Yong-Fang Li
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Correspondence to Ramamurthy Mahalingam.

Electronic supplementary material

ESM_1 Expression of AtNUDT7 protein in after-ripened seeds of Atnudt7-1 complementation lines. A. Ten micrograms of protein extract from seeds of Col-0, and the two complementation lines (Atnudt7-1t23, Atnudt7-1t37) were used to prepare the blot, followed by hybridization with AtNUDT7 polyclonal antibodies. B. Coomassie blue staining of membrane showing protein loading.

ESM_2 Coomassie blue stained membranes showing protein loading. The same membranes were used for western hybridizations with AtNUDT7 polyclonal antibodies shown in Fig. 4.

ESM_3 eFP browser analysis of Atnudt7 gene expression in various tissues and developmental stages.

ESM_4 Primer sequences used for RT-PCR analysis.

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Zeng, X., Li, YF. & Mahalingam, R. Arabidopsis nudix hydrolase 7 plays a role in seed germination. Planta 239, 1015–1025 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2035-0

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