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Chrysanthemum stunt viroid disturbs the photoperiodic response for flowering of chrysanthemum plants

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Abstract

Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum Kitam.) is one of the qualitative short-day flowering plants. Therefore, the flowering of chrysanthemum can usually be controlled by photoperiod. However, it was noted that ‘Piato’ plants infected by the chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) flowered autonomously even under long-day conditions. In this study, CSVd-free and CSVd-infected plants were prepared by culturing different-sized dissected shoot apical meristems (SAMs) of ‘Piato’. Using these CSVd-free and CSVd-infected plants, we clarified the relationship between CSVd infection and the autonomous flowering of ‘Piato’. Under natural short-day conditions, the flowering of plants regenerated from SAMs containing leaf primordia (LPs) was 1 month earlier than plants regenerated from LP-free SAMs. CSVd was detected from these early flowering plants by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. On the other hand, CSVd was not detected in plants regenerated from LP-free SAMs. CSVd-infected and CSVd-free plants were grown under long-day conditions simulated by night-break lighting at 22:00 p.m. to 2:00 a.m. All CSVd-infected plants flowered autonomously even under long-day conditions; on the other hand, CSVd-free chrysanthemum plants maintained their vegetative growth. When the CSVd-free plants were inoculated with CSVd by grafting them to CSVd-infected rootstocks, they flowered autonomously even under night-break lighting. In this study, the results suggest that CSVd may control the qualitative development process, flowering, i.e. CSVd can induce the autonomous flowering of chrysanthemum.

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Abbreviations

CSVd :

Chrysanthemum stunt viroid

SAM :

Shoot apical meristem

LP :

Leaf primordium

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Vegetable and Ornamental Horticulture, Department of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan

    Munetaka Hosokawa, Emi Ueda, Ayaka Otake & Susumu Yazawa

  2. Aichiken Agriculture Research Center, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun, 480-1103, Aichi, Japan

    Kazushi Ohishi

Authors
  1. Munetaka Hosokawa
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  2. Emi Ueda
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  3. Kazushi Ohishi
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  4. Ayaka Otake
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  5. Susumu Yazawa
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Correspondence to Munetaka Hosokawa.

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Hosokawa, M., Ueda, E., Ohishi, K. et al. Chrysanthemum stunt viroid disturbs the photoperiodic response for flowering of chrysanthemum plants. Planta 220, 64–70 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-004-1318-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-004-1318-2

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