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Tissue-specific expression and localization of safener-induced glutathione S-transferase proteins in Triticum tauschii

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Abstract

Glutathione S-transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18) gene expression was examined in the coleoptile and new leaf tissue of etiolated shoots of the diploid wheat species Triticum tauschii (Coss.) Schmal., which is considered to be a progenitor and the D-genome donor to cultivated, hexaploid bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. GST expression (mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity with a herbicide substrate) in these shoot tissues was examined in response to herbicide safener treatment. Two different antibody probes, raised against the same safener-inducible GST protein (TtGSTU1) but differing in their specificity, were utilized to determine tissue distribution and subcellular localization of GST proteins in etiolated shoots. GST transcripts, immunoreactive GST proteins, and herbicide-metabolizing activity were all highest in the coleoptile of etiolated, safener-treated T. tauschii shoots. Anti-GST immunolabeling was strongest in the outer epidermal and adjoining sub-epidermal cells in both coleoptiles and new leaves following safener treatment. Our data indicate that safeners protect grass crops from herbicide injury by dramatically inducing the expression of GST proteins in the outer cell layers of the coleoptile, which prevents the herbicide from reaching the sensitive new leaves of etiolated shoots as they emerge from the soil.

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Abbreviations

GST:

glutathione S-transferase

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Acknowledgments

We thank Theresa Holly for preparing the antibodies, Larry Boze for assistance in growing wheat plants in the greenhouse, Ms. Lynn Libous-Bailey for assistance with the microscopy, Dr. Patrick Fuerst for helpful ideas concerning the research, and Caryn Wiencek for assistance with laboratory experiments. We would also like to acknowledge BASF Corporation for providing radiolabeled dimethenamid. This research was partially supported by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service under Project Number ILLU-15–0357 to D.E.R.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, IL 61801, USA

    Dean E. Riechers, Qin Zhang & Fangxiu Xu

  2. Southern Weed Science Research Unit, USDA–ARS, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, Mississippi, MS 38776, USA

    Kevin C. Vaughn

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  1. Dean E. Riechers
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  2. Qin Zhang
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  3. Fangxiu Xu
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  4. Kevin C. Vaughn
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Correspondence to Dean E. Riechers.

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Riechers, D.E., Zhang, Q., Xu, F. et al. Tissue-specific expression and localization of safener-induced glutathione S-transferase proteins in Triticum tauschii . Planta 217, 831–840 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-1063-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-1063-y

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