Abstract
Intestinal epithelial electrolyte secretion is activated by increase in intracellular cAMP or Ca2+ and opening of apical Cl− channels. In infants and young animals, but not in adults, Ca2+-activated chloride channels may cause secretory diarrhea during rotavirus infection. While detailed knowledge exists concerning the contribution of cAMP-activated cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channels, analysis of the role of Ca2+-dependent Cl− channels became possible through identification of the anoctamin (TMEM16) family of proteins. We demonstrate expression of several anoctamin paralogues in mouse small and large intestines. Using intestinal-specific mouse knockout models for anoctamin 1 (Ano1) and anoctamin 10 (Ano10) and a conventional knockout model for anoctamin 6 (Ano6), we demonstrate the role of anoctamins for Ca2+-dependent Cl− secretion induced by the muscarinic agonist carbachol (CCH). Ano1 is preferentially expressed in the ileum and large intestine, where it supports Ca2+-activated Cl− secretion. In contrast, Ano10 is essential for Ca2+-dependent Cl− secretion in jejunum, where expression of Ano1 was not detected. Although broadly expressed, Ano6 has no role in intestinal cholinergic Cl− secretion. Ano1 is located in a basolateral compartment/membrane rather than in the apical membrane, where it supports CCH-induced Ca2+ increase, while the essential and possibly only apical Cl− channel is CFTR. These results define a new role of Ano1 for intestinal Ca2+-dependent Cl− secretion and demonstrate for the first time a contribution of Ano10 to intestinal transport.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by DFG SFB699A7 and Wilhelm-Sander Stiftung Ano6 and Deutsche Krebshilfe Projekt 109438. We gratefully acknowledge the generous supply of the Ano6−/− mice by Prof. Dr. A. Vortkamp (Department Entwicklungsbiologie, University of Essen, Essen, Germany) and Ano-1 antibodies by Prof. Dr. Brian Harfe (University of Florida at Gainesville, Gainesville, USA).
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Schreiber, R., Faria, D., Skryabin, B.V. et al. Anoctamins support calcium-dependent chloride secretion by facilitating calcium signaling in adult mouse intestine. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 467, 1203–1213 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-014-1559-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-014-1559-2