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Role for T-type Ca2+ channels in sleep waves

Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology volume 466, pages 735–745 (2014)Cite this article

Abstract

Since their discovery more than 30 years ago, low-threshold T-type Ca2+ channels (T channels) have been suggested to play a key role in many EEG waves of non-REM sleep, which has remained exclusively linked to the ability of these channels to generate low-threshold Ca2+ potentials and associated high-frequency bursts of action potentials. Our present understanding of the biophysics and physiology of T channels, however, highlights a much more diverse and complex picture of the pivotal contributions that they make to different sleep rhythms. In particular, recent experimental evidence has conclusively demonstrated the essential contribution of thalamic T channels to the expression of slow waves of natural sleep and the key role played by Ca2+ entry through these channels in the activation or modulation of other voltage-dependent channels that are important for the generation of both slow waves and sleep spindles. However, the precise contribution to sleep rhythms of T channels in cortical neurons and other sleep-controlling neuronal networks remains unknown, and a full understanding of the cellular and network mechanisms of sleep delta waves is still lacking.

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Acknowledgments

VC work in this field is supported by The Wellcome Trust (grant 91882); NL and RCL work by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (grant MNMP-2009) and CNRS (LEA 528).

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Affiliations

  1. School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3US, UK

    Vincenzo Crunelli & Francois David

  2. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UM CR18, Neuroscience Paris Seine (NPS), Paris, F-75005, France

    Nathalie Leresche & Régis C. Lambert

  3. CNRS, UMR 8246, NPS, Paris, F-75005, France

    Nathalie Leresche & Régis C. Lambert

  4. INSERM, U1130, NPS, Paris, F-75005, France

    Nathalie Leresche & Régis C. Lambert

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  1. Vincenzo Crunelli
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  2. Francois David
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  3. Nathalie Leresche
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  4. Régis C. Lambert
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Correspondence to Vincenzo Crunelli or Régis C. Lambert.

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This article is published as part of the special issue on T-type channels.

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Crunelli, V., David, F., Leresche, N. et al. Role for T-type Ca2+ channels in sleep waves. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 466, 735–745 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-014-1477-3

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Keywords

  • Cortex
  • Thalamus
  • Sleep slow oscillation
  • Sleep spindles
  • Delta waves
  • Slow waves
  • Theta waves
  • I Twindow
  • I h
  • I CAN
  • Sleep waves
  • Ca2+ channels
  • Neural networks